Table 1.
Demographics and characteristics of the study based on their diabetes status.
| Non-diabetic | T2D | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 109 | N = 95 | ||
| Age (years) | 42.3 ± 1.8 | 52.5 ± 1.0 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.26 ± 0.50 | 31.57 ± 0.43 | <0.001 |
| Waist/Hip Ratio | 0.855 ± 0.01 | 0.96 ± 0.02 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.11 ± 0.09 | 4.88 ± 0.14 | 0.184 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.36 ± 0.04 | 1.16 ± 0.05 | 0.002 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 3.21 ± 0.09 | 2.99 ± 0.12 | 0.142 |
| TGL (mmol/L) | 1.22 ± 0.09 | 1.67 ± 0.12 | 0.004 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.33 ± 0.12 | 7.94 ± 0.29 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (DCCT%) | 5.60 ± 0.07 | 7.60 ± 0.18 | <0.001 |
| Insulin (U/L) | 9.44 ± 066 | 15.14 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| Leptin (μg/mL) | 6.67 ± 0.46 | 6.82 ± 0.48 | 0.816 |
| Adiponectin (μg/mL) | 4.99 ± 0.28 | 3.78 ± 0.33 | 0.005 |
| HsCRP (μg/mL) | 2.05 ± 0.18 | 3.82 ± 0.31 | <0.001 |
Data are presented as mean ± SEM. P-values were calculated using Student's t-test. BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HsCRP, high sensitivity c-reactive protein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; N, number of subjects; TC, Total cholesterol; TGL, triglycerides.