Figure 2.

Effects of TGFβ1 signalling on the proliferation and cell cycle of antler chondrocytes. A, Effects of TGFβ1 signalling on antler chondrocyte proliferation. After treatment with rTGFβ1 in the absence or presence of receptor inhibitor SB431542 and Smad3 inhibitor SIS3, MTS assay was performed. Data are shown mean ± SEM. Asterisks denote significance (P < 0.05). B and C, Effects of TGFβ1 signalling on cell cycle of antler chondrocytes. D and E, Effects of TGFβ1 signalling on the expression of Ccnd1, Ccnd2, Ccnd3, Ccne1, Cdk2, Cdk4 and Cdk6