TABLE 2.
Effect of HDD versus LDD on blood pressure, body composition, blood lipids, dietary intakes, and 24-h urinary excretions1
| Intervention | Effect HDD as compared to LDD2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | LDD (n = 46) | HDD (n = 46) | ∆ (n = 46) | 95% CI | P |
| Blood pressure | |||||
| SBP, mm Hg | 132.1 ± 15.7 | 127.5 ± 15.3 | −4.6 ± 11.2 | −8.0, −1.2 | 0.009 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 81.8 ± 9.2 | 78.8 ± 10.4 | −3.0 ± 6.7 | −5.0, −1.0 | 0.005 |
| Pulse rate, per min | 60.5 ± 7.4 | 59.9 ± 8.2 | −0.7 ± 5.0 | −2.2, 0.8 | 0.359 |
| Body composition | |||||
| Weight, kg | 83.6 ± 9.8 | 84.0 ± 9.8 | 0.4 ± 1.0 | 0.1, 0.7 | 0.008 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.7 ± 1.9 | 27.8 ± 1.9 | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.04, 0.2 | 0.007 |
| WC, cm | 94.8 ± 8.7 | 95.2 ± 8.7 | 0.5 ± 2.5 | −0.3, 1.2 | 0.195 |
| HC, cm | 106.2 ± 4.9 | 106.2 ± 5.3 | 0.09 ± 2.3 | −0.6, 0.8 | 0.800 |
| Total body fat, % | 34.3 ± 8.1 | 34.7 ± 8.1 | 0.4 ± 2.1 | −0.2, 1.0 | 0.212 |
| Blood lipids3 | |||||
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.3 ± 0.9 | 5.2 ± 0.8 | −0.03 ± 0.4 | −0.2, 0.09 | 0.622 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | −0.05 ± 0.1 | −0.09, −0.02 | 0.002 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.6 ± 0.8 | 3.5 ± 0.8 | −0.02 ± 0.4 | −0.1, 0.09 | 0.777 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 0.1 ± 0.4 | −0.008, 0.2 | 0.068 |
| Dietary intakes4 | |||||
| Energy, kcal/d | 2151.1 ± 461.8 | 2304.4 ± 589.7 | 153.3 ± 424.7 | 24.2, 282.4 | 0.021 |
| Protein, g/d | 78.4 ± 18.0 | 109.3 ± 25.6 | 30.9 ± 19.3 | 25.1, 36.8 | <0.001 |
| Calcium, mg/d | 719.0 ± 157.4 | 1956.8 ± 283.0 | 1237.8 ± 303.0 | 1145.7, 1329.9 | <0.001 |
| Sodium, mg/d | 2621.4 ± 691.6 | 2742.5 ± 803.3 | 121.2 ± 873.5 | −144.4, 386.7 | 0.363 |
| Potassium, mg/d | 3379.9 ± 673.9 | 4100.2 ± 847.4 | 720.4 ± 809.6 | 474.2, 966.5 | <0.001 |
| Magnesium, mg/d | 363.0 ± 99.2 | 409.4 ± 93.0 | 46.5 ± 114.0 | 11.8, 81.1 | 0.010 |
| 24-h urinary excretions, mmol/24 h | |||||
| Urea | 377.1 ± 126.8 | 482.0 ± 121.9 | 104.9 ± 123.8 | 68.1, 141.6 | <0.001 |
| Calcium | 4.1 ± 1.8 | 5.0 ± 2.4 | 0.8 ± 1.7 | 0.3, 1.4 | 0.002 |
| Sodium | 148.0 ± 63.1 | 145.1 ± 67.4 | −2.9 ± 56.9 | −19.8, 14.0 | 0.729 |
| Potassium | 85.8 ± 25.7 | 98.7 ± 27.6 | 12.9 ± 29.3 | 4.2, 21.6 | 0.005 |
| Magnesium | 4.7 ± 2.0 | 4.5 ± 1.4 | −0.2 ± 2.2 | −0.8, 0.5 | 0.563 |
1
Values are presented as mean ± SD. Analyses were performed based on complete cases. Pvalues were obtained from paired ttests. DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HC, hip circumference; HDD, high dairy diet; LDD, low dairy diet; SBP, systolic blood pressure; WC, waist circumference.
2
∆ was calculated as LDD minus HDD.
3
Blood lipids were measured in plasma.
4
Dietary intakes were calculated from food diaries.