TABLE 3.
Top signals (P < 1 × 10−5) from CHARGE consortium genome-wide association meta-analysis of breakfast skipping (n = 11,963)1
| SNP | Chr:position | Nearest gene | Alleles (E/A) | EAF | OR (95% CI) | P value | Study association direction | I 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs76211599 | 21:20,129,400 | LOC101927797 | A/G | 0.111 | 1.54 (1.29, 1.84) | 1.83 × 10–6 | – – – + – | 12 |
| rs2732520 | 11:35,056,846 | PDHX | A/G | 0.785 | 1.40 (1.22, 1.60) | 2.26 × 10–6 | – – – – | 0 |
| rs144181848 | 4:128,263,712 | INTU | C/G | 0.025 | 2.15 (1.55, 2.99) | 5.16 × 10–6 | – – + + – – | 61 |
| rs9838428 | 3:66,842,859 | KBTBD8 | G/T | 0.131 | 1.41 (1.21, 1.64) | 7.99 × 10–6 | + + + – + | 66 |
A GWAS was performed in each cohort in participants of European ancestry with the use of logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, study-specific centers, and population stratification principal components, where applicable, then meta-analyzed using fixed-effect meta-analysis with inverse variance weights in METAL software. OR (95% CI) estimates are per each additional effect allele. ORs >1.00 reflect greater odds of breakfast skipping. Order of study in the Study association direction column: BOGALUSA, CARDIA, CHS, NEO, and WHI. I2 represents the heterogeneity statistic, presented as a percentage. BHS, Bogalusa Heart Study; CARDIA, Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults; CHARGE, Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology; Chr, chromosome; CHS, Cardiovascular Health Study; E/A, effect/alternative alleles; EAF, effect allele frequency; GWAS, genome-wide association study; NEO, The Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity; position, base pair coordinate hg19; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; WHI, Women's Health Initiative.