TABLE 1.
Demographics of the FlaxFX study participants (n = 42)1
| Men n = 20 | Women n = 22 | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 33.2 ± 8.7 | 31.4 ± 8.0 |
| Height, cm | 175.9 ± 5.6 | 166.6 ± 9.5 |
| Weight, kg | 80.3 ± 10.7 | 77.3 ± 23.4 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.0 ± 3.9 | 27.7 ± 7.4 |
| Minority, n (%) | 10 (50.0) | 7 (31.8) |
| Family history CRC, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (13.6) |
| Take supplements, n (%) | 6 (30.0) | 7 (31.8) |
| Ever smoked, n (%) | 1 (5.0) | 4 (18.2) |
| Energy,2 kcal/d | 2250 ± 828 | 1996 ± 495 |
| Total fat,2 g/d | 87 ± 41 | 87 ± 25 |
| Fiber,2 g/d | 23.0 ± 11.8 | 20.1 ± 7.4 |
| Calcium,2 mg/d | 852 ± 424 | 885 ± 375 |
| SECO,3 µmol/24 h | 0.53 (0.03–2.8) | 0.41 (0.03–1.6) |
| END,3 µmol/24 h | 0.93 (0.04–4.4) | 1.83 (0.02–13.2) |
| ENL,3 µmol/24/h | 5.80 (0.1–24.2) | 10.2 (0.03–60.8)4 |
1
Data are presented as means ± SDs, n (%), or mean (range). CRC, colorectal cancer; END, enterodiol; ENL, enterolactone; SECO, secoisolariciresinol.
2
Based on 3-d food records: women n = 21 (1 missing).
3
Values are means (ranges); values at day 0 of first period; urinary enterolignan excretion in µmol/24 h; zeros imputed as half the lowest value for each variable.
4
Excludes 1 outlier with a baseline value of 107.7 µmol/24-h, although this individual is included in all subsequent analyses.