TABLE 3.

Kernel association test results between 24-h excretion of END or ENL and global microbial composition at each of 3 time points¹

Gut microbial community sampling time	Urinary lignan variable	Unweighted Unifrac P value	Weighted Unifrac P value	Centered log-ratio P value	Omnibus test P value
At baseline (n = 34)	ENL	0.006	0.520	0.109	0.020
	END	0.742	0.540	0.192	0.425
After placebo (n = 36)	ENL	0.007	0.057	0.017	0.023
	END	0.292	0.609	0.124	0.306
After lignan (n = 35)	ENL	0.006	0.798	0.134	0.020
	END	0.541	0.694	0.402	0.688

¹All tests were adjusted for sex, BMI, and age. The MiRKAT test allows for multiple distance measures (3 used here) and adjusts for these in an omnibus test. The centered log-ratio column refers to a kernel association test based on Euclidean distances between genus-level abundances that were transformed by the centered log-ratio. END, enterodiol; ENL, enterolactone.