TABLE 2.
Demographic and lifestyle characteristics of participating cohorts (measured cell counts in 109/L)1
| White blood cell | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Cohorts | Age (mean ± SD) | Women (%) | BMI (mean ± SD) | Granulocytes (mean ± SD) | Lymphocytes (mean ± SD) | Monocytes (mean ± SD) | Current smokers (%) | Alcohol intake (mean ± SD) | Coffee intake (mean ± SD) | Physical activity (mean ± SD) or active (%) | Supplement users (%) | Folate, µg/d (median [range]) | Vitamin B-12, µg/d (median [range]) | ||||
| 1 | RS | 64.5 ± 9.0 | 57.4 | 27.6 ± 4.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | — | 0.1 ± 0.14 | 0.2 ± 0.15 | 0.1 ± 0.16 | 0.1 ± 0.07 | 0.1 ± 0.08 | 7.4 | 12.3 ± 15.79 | 385.8 ± 240.010 | 63.4 ± 64.213 | 32.1 | 415.2 (53.9–1173.9) | 4.6 (0.6–14.1) |
| 2 | LLS | 58.6 ± 6.3 | 51.3 | 25.3 ± 3.8 | 4.3 ± 1.3 | — | 2.0 ± 0.6 | — | — | — | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 12.3 | 16.7 ± 15.1 | NA | NA | 26.3 | 192.7 (68.0–415.4) | 4.0 (0.9–11.0) |
| 3 | CODAM | 65.5 ± 6.9 | 44.2 | 28.6 ± 4.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | — | 0.1 ± 0.14 | 0.3 ± 0.15 | 0.2 ± 0.16 | 0.1 ± 0.07 | 0.1 ± 0.08 | 15.6 | 12.5 ± 14.29 | 491.9 ± 276.810 | 7150.4 ± 4955.314 | 3.2 | 200.3 (96.2–364.7) | 4.2 (0.8–10.8) |
| 4 | InCHIANTI | 62.6 ± 15.7 | 54.1 | 27.1 ± 3.9 | 0.031 ± 0.022 | 0.59 ± 0.083 | 0.32 ± 0.08 | — | — | — | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 18.6 | 16.5 ± 21.7 | 2.4 ± 1.411 | 51 | NA | 273.9 (88.9–645.9) | NA |
| 5 | YFS | 40.2 ± 3.3 | 61.9 | 25.6 ± 4.4 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | — | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.2 ± 0.15 | 0.1 ± 0.16 | 0.1 ± 0.07 | 0.1 ± 0.08 | 24.5 | 6.9 ± 7.3 | 409.9 ± 265.810 | 77.4 | 39.4 | 332.8 (159.1–732.0) | 7.4 (3.0–16.9) |
| 6 | TwinsUK | 58.9 ± 9.9 | 100.0 | 26.4 ± 4.8 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | — | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.2 ± 0.15 | 0.1 ± 0.06 | 0.1 ± 0.07 | 0.1 ± 0.08 | 10.9 | 7.4 ± 11.2 | NA | NA | 53.3 | 376.7 (122.6–976.3) | 6.0 (0.5–16.0) |
| 7 | FHS | 64.8 ± 8.6 | 57.1 | 28.2 ± 5.4 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | — | 0.1 ± 0.14 | 0.2 ± 0.15 | 0.02 ± 0.06 | 0.04 ± 0.07 | 0.1 ± 0.08 | 10.3 | 10.1 ± 15.4 | 157.2 ± 123.812 | 88.3 | 57.7 | 405.9 (99.2–1141.0) | 5.5 (0.0–18.2) |
| 8 | GOLDN | 49.0 ± 16.0 | 53.0 | 28.3 ± 5.7 | NAp | — | NAp | — | — | — | NAp | 7.0 | 6.0 ± 20.0 | 277.5 ± 427.1 | 2.97 ± 2.4715 | 58.0 | 233.6 (0.0–1143.6) | 4.5 (0.0–31.2) |
| 9 | ARIC | 59.5 ± 5.8 | 67.6 | 30.5 ± 6.4 | 1.7 ± 2.22 | 54.1 ± 10.23 | NA | — | — | — | 5.3 ± 3.4 | 23.4 | 2.7 ± 10.0 | 8.9 ± 12.1 | 66.8 ± 52.016,17 | 24.3 | 248.1 (36.0–811.2) | 6.3 (0.7–26.3) |
| 10 | CHS | 77.3 ± 4.9 | 66.5 | 27.5 ± 4.8 | 0.5 ± 0.15 | — | 0.1 ± 0.14 | 0.2 ± 0.15 | 0.1 ± 0.16 | 0.1 ± 0.07 | 0.1 ± 0.048 | 7.98 | 2.34 ± 6.6 | 0.73 ± 1.111 | 763.9 ± 1188.1 | 33.0 | 360.0 (93.7–886.7) | 5.5 (0.8–28.7) |
1ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities; CHS, Cardiovascular Health Study; CODAM, Cohort study on Diabetes and Atherosclerosis Maastricht; FHS, Framingham Heart Study; GOLDN, Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network; InCHIANTI, Invecchiare in Chianti; LLS, Leiden Longevity Study; NA, not available; NAp, not applicable; RS, Rotterdam Study; YFS, Young Finns Study.
Granulocytes: eosinophils and neutrophils (measured).
Lymphocytes: CD8T, CD4T, NK, B cell (Houseman-imputed).
Monocytes: Houseman-imputed.
Alcohol intake: g/d.
121110: Coffee intake: g/d or servings/d; FHS used caffeine intake in g/d.
16151413: Physical activity: Total metabolic equivalent (MET) h/wk; total score of all activities; h/wk moderate activity; total metabolic equivalent (MET) min/wk.
Not included in analyses (only available to N = 174 individuals).