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. 2004 Apr 19;2004(2):CD004050. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004050.pub2

Benedetti 2003.

Methods Allocation: randomized, 'computer generated randomization with no stratification', 'in a 3:2 manner'. Blinding: single blind, 'raters could not keep themselves blind due to patients' questions'. 
 Duration: 4 weeks (light treatment the first 2 weeks).
Participants Diagnosis: Major depressive disorder without psychotic features. Major depression (N = 21), bipolar (N = 9). DSM‐IV. 
 Inclusion criteria: absence of following conditions: other diagnoses on Axis I, mental retardation on Axis II, pregnancy, history of epilepsy, major medical or neurological disorder, treatment with long‐active neuroleptic drugs within 3 months, treatment with neuroleptics or irreversible MAOIs within the last month, history of drug or alcohol dependency or abuse within 6 months. 
 N = 30. 
 Age: mean 54.3 years. 
 Sex: F 24, M 6. 
 History: duration of illness mean 13.4 years. 
 Setting: inpatients.
Interventions 1. Green light (400 lux in the morning for 30 minutes) + citalopram 40 mg/day. 
 N = 18. 
 2. Deactivated negative ion generator (in the morning 1.5 hours after the optimal timing for light) + citalopram 40 mg/day. N = 12. 
 Device: Sunnex green light box.
Outcomes Clinical improvement (50% reduction HDRS). 
 Mental state (HDRS). 
 Physiological monitoring (ECG, lab tests).
Unable to use ‐ 
 Mental state (ZDRS, VAS ‐ no mean scores and SD available).
Notes Light adjunct to pharmacotherapy. 
 Groups not totally comparable (active treatment patients were awaked earlier).
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Allocation concealment? Low risk A ‐ Adequate