Perry 1997

Methods	Randomised controlled trial with a cost analysis
Participants	Location: Not reported Number of participants: 41 Diagnosis: Nonunions amenable to intramedullary (IM) nailing.
Interventions	1. intramedullary nailing 1. BMP‐7 2. autograft
Outcomes	Consolidation of nonunion, operative length, hospital stay length, complications, autograph pain and treatment cost.
Notes	Funding source not reported. Abstract (poster) only. The lack of information on which cost (resource use) components are included in estimates of 'cost of treatment' severely limits the value of these data and is the main reason the we excluded the cost analysis component of this study from the review.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Adequate sequence generation?	Unclear risk	Not reported.
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	Not reported.
Blinding? All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported.
Baseline comparability?	Unclear risk	No gender or age data provided. Quote: "duration of nonunion, number of prior surgeries and smoking history were similar in OP‐1 and autograft groups".
Explicit inclusion/exclusion criteria?	High risk	Not reported.
Intention‐to‐treat analysis?	Unclear risk	Not reported.
Adequate reporting of drop‐outs?	Low risk	No dropouts reported.