Figure 10.

Schematics of electrospinning methods to direct fiber orientation by means of mechanical rotation of mandrel (A), electrostatic forces through the use of a metallic staple (B), a metallic ring (C), and an array of metallic beads (D), as well as magnetic forces through the use of a pair of permanent magnets (E). The yellow plates are grounded conductive electrodes. Scanning electron micrographs in the right panel show the morphologies of aligned nanofibers depositing at the target via different methods. Reproduced with permission from [120], published by Wiley-VCH, 2012. Reproduced with permission from [121], published by American Chemical Society, 2010.