Table 2.
Presence and concentration of lipophilic toxins in Galician mussels purchased in the market. The term ~ means below the limit of quantitation (LOQ). LOQ (OA) = 0.3 µg/kg, LOQ (DTX-2) = 0.3 µg/kg, LOQ (PTX-2) = 0.3 µg/kg, LOQ (AZA-2) = 0.9 µg/kg, LOQ (SPX-13) = 0.4 µg/kg, and LOQ (PnTX-G) = 0.4 µg/kg. Free OA and free DTX-2 means non-esterified OA and non-esterified DTX-2, respectively. Total OA is the sum of non-esterified and esterified OA. Total DTX-2 is the sum of non-esterified and esterified DTX-2. Levels of OA, PTX, and AZA group toxins are also expressed as μg OA equivalents (eq)/kg, μg PTX equivalents (eq)/kg, and μg AZA equivalents (eq)/kg, according to the Toxicity Equivalent Factor (TEF) values.
| Sample No. | Free OA (µg/kg) | Total OA (µg/kg) | Free DTX-2 (µg/kg) | Total DTX-2 (µg/kg) | μg OA eq/kg | PTX-2 (µg/kg) | μg PTX eq/kg | AZA-2 (µg/kg) | μg AZA eq/kg | SPX-13 (µg/kg) | PnTX-G (µg/kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.4 | 23.9 | ~ | ~ | 23.9 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 2 | ~ | 6.6 | ~ | ~ | 6.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 3 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 4 | ~ | 127.2 | ~ | 21.7 | 140.2 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 5 | 8.8 | 83.0 | 0.4 | 6.4 | 86.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 3.2 | 12.7 | ~ |
| 6 | 6.5 | 105.0 | ~ | 3.3 | 107.0 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 7 | ~ | 52.8 | ~ | ~ | 52.8 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 8 | ~ | 36.9 | ~ | 5.5 | 40.2 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 9 | 13.1 | 128.6 | 3.3 | 17.4 | 139.0 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 16.2 | 0.9 |
| 10 | ~ | 167.5 | ~ | 13.2 | 175.4 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 11 | 4.4 | 54.0 | ~ | ~ | 54.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | ~ | 5.4 | 0.6 | |
| 12 | 1.8 | 30.1 | ~ | ~ | 30.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ~ | 4.4 | 0.4 | |
| 13 | 6.0 | 86.3 | ~ | ~ | 86.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | ~ | 11.6 | ~ | |
| 14 | 7.3 | 83.2 | ~ | ~ | 83.2 | 2.4 | 2.4 | ~ | 4.4 | ~ | |
| 15 | 4.3 | 27.2 | 0.3 | 2.7 | 8.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | ~ | 4.0 | 0.4 | |
| 16 | 8.5 | 129.6 | 6.3 | 18.2 | 140.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | ~ | 7.4 | ~ | |
| 17 | ~ | 158.9 | ~ | 7.0 | 163.1 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 13.4 | ~ |
| 18 | 12.2 | 56.0 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 56.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 28.9 | ~ |
| 19 | 1.7 | 18.9 | ~ | 0.7 | 19.3 | 0.8 | 0.8 | ~ | 2.6 | ~ | |
| 20 | 2.3 | 19.1 | 0.8 | 5.5 | 22.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | ~ | 3.5 | ~ | |
| 21 | 13.9 | 113.0 | 3.6 | 16.1 | 122.6 | 2.9 | 2.9 | ~ | 13.3 | ~ | |
| 22 | 30.2 | 214.0 | 11.0 | 33.5 | 234.1 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 23 | 7.1 | 55.6 | 1.1 | 5.2 | 58.7 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 14.7 | ~ |
| 24 | 7.5 | 75.3 | 3.1 | 21.9 | 88.4 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 25 | ~ | 3.6 | ~ | ~ | 3.6 | ~ | ~ | ~ | 0.6 | ~ | |
| 26 | ~ | 28.3 | ~ | ~ | 28.3 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 27 | 2.3 | 48.1 | 4.7 | 23.5 | 62.2 | ~ | ~ | 1.5 | 2.7 | 9.9 | ~ |
| 28 | ~ | 19.7 | ~ | ~ | 19.7 | ~ | ~ | ~ | 11.9 | ~ | |
| 29 | ~ | 9.8 | ~ | ~ | 9.8 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 30 | ~ | 7.7 | ~ | ~ | 7.7 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 31 | ~ | 10.7 | ~ | ~ | 10.7 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | 0.5 | |
| 32 | ~ | 17.0 | ~ | 9.6 | 22.76 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 33 | ~ | 22.0 | ~ | ~ | 22.0 | ~ | ~ | ~ | 16.3 | ~ | |
| 34 | 0.9 | 27.3 | ~ | 1.7 | 28.3 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 35 | ~ | 23.2 | ~ | ~ | 23.2 | ~ | ~ | ~ | 10.8 | ~ | |
| 36 | ~ | 37.8 | ~ | 1.6 | 38.8 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 37 | ~ | 7.8 | ~ | 1.9 | 8.9 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 38 | ~ | 27.0 | ~ | ~ | 27.0 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 39 | ~ | 27.1 | ~ | ~ | 27.1 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 40 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | |
| 41 | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ | ~ |