Table 2.

Clinical signs of toxicity in mice and extrapolation in humans.

Clinical Signs of Toxicity in Mice.	Anatomical or Physiological Support	Possible Outcome in Humans
Loss of motor activity	Neuromuscular junction impairment (skeletal muscles)	Myasthenic syndrome analogous with the disease myasthenia gravis Flaccid paralysis caused by curare
Respiratory depression/arrest	Neuromuscular junction impairment/block (diaphragm)	Respiratory impairment/arrest in myasthenia and myasthenic crisis
Seizure	Central damage via nAChR inhibition	Seizure crisis (impaired GABA release or hereditary mutations)
Leg extension	Spinal interneuron impairment Central impairment	Pyramidal syndrome Babinski sign
Reversibility if no death occurs or after prostigmine injection	Removal of the post-synaptic neuromuscular block	Fluctuation in the degree of myasthenic syndrome or temporary removal of the block with prostigmine Removal of the curare action
Exophthalmos	Increased intraocular pressure	Action of suxamethonium Action of lupin
Hypersalivation, vomiting, diarrhea, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction, miosis	Inhibition of neuronal communication at ganglia synapses	Autonomous agents acting on the sympathetic nervous system (side effects). Nicotinic syndrome
Tachycardia, blood hypertension, mydriasis	Inhibition of neuronal communication at ganglia synapses	Autonomous agents acting on the parasympathetic nervous system (side effects). Muscarinic syndrome