. 2019 Apr 8;67(8):575–587. doi: 10.1369/0022155419841023

Table 1.

Current Rapid Immunostaining Protocol for Frozen Sections.

	Ultrasound	Microwave	A/C	One Step Immunofluorescence	Magnetically Promoted Rapid Immunofluorescence
Fixation	2 min^a	2 min^a	2 min^a	3 min^b	5 min^c
Washing			0.5 min^d	2.0 min^e
Blocking	0.5 min^f	0.5 min^f			5 min^g
Primary antibody	1.5 min	5 min	2 min	3–5 min	1 min
Washing	0.25 min^h	0.25 min^h	0.5 min^d	1.5 min^d	1 min
Secondary antibody	1.5 min	5 min	2 minⁱ
Washing	0.25 min^h	0.25 min^h	0.5 min^d
Reaction with substrate	1 min^j	1 min^j	3 min^j
Counterstaining	0.25 min^k	0.25 min^k

Acetone; ^bEtOH; ^c10% neutral buffered formalin; ^dPhosphate buffered saline; ^eWater; ^fH₂O₂; ^g4% skimmed milk; ^hTris-buffered saline; ⁱEnVisionTM + System/HRP Mouse; ^jDiaminobenzene; ^kHematoxylin.