Table 2.
.Characteristics of Studies.
| Author | Timepoint Assessment | Level of evidence | Age mean ± SD (yrs) | Gender | Type of Intervention | Rehabilitation | Frequency and Duration of Int. | Outcome Measure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Krych et al.22 2014 | baseline, post-injection, 2 wks | Case series | N = 54 mean age 32.1 ± 11.9 |
19 m 35 f |
IA Injection |
IA corticosteroid injections 1) methyl- prednisolone acetate 2) triamcinolone 3) betamethasone, plus local anesthetic Pts were instructed to return to full activity as tolerated after the injection |
Injection at baseline | NRS |
| Lee et al.23 2016 | baseline and 12 wks | Prospective, randomized, double-blind, cross over study | N = 30 mean age 37 range (24-51) |
11 m 19 f |
IA Injection |
IA injection Two types of injections: 1) steroid TA 2) HA |
Injection at baseline and two wks later | NRS, HOOS |
| Abate et al.26 2013 | baseline, 6 mo, 12 mo | Open prospective trial | N=20 mean age 45 ± 16.9 |
13 m 7 f |
IA Injection | IA Injection high molecular weight HA | Injection at baseline & 40 days after. Dosage was repeated 6 mo after. | VAS, HHS |
| Smeatham et al.24 2016 | baseline and 3 mo | Parallel group, pilot RCT |
Routine Care: N = 15 mean age 32.6 range (18.5-50.3) Intervention: N = 15 mean age 35.9 range (18.6-48.8) |
30 m | PT |
PT Intervention group: Education, core stability, hip strength, ex (functional, proprioception, spinal) stretching, MT |
PT session mean 6.5 (range 1-13) over a 3 mo period |
VAS, HOS (ADL) |
| Wright et al.25 2016 | baseline and 7 wks | Prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial pilot study | N=18 mean age 33.7 ± 9.5 range (18-55) |
4 m 11 f |
PT |
MTEX group: PT and HEP, each session had 1 MT & a minimum of 15 min of ex focused on hip & core strengthening |
Both groups had HEP MTEX group 12 sessions for 1 hr, 2x/ week for 6 weeks |
NPRS, HOS (ADL) |
| Emara et al.27 2011 | baseline, 6 mo, 12 mo, 18 mo, 24 mo | Cohort study | N=37 mean age 33 ± 5 |
27 m 10 f |
PT |
4 stages of PT: 1) education on activity avoidance & NSAIDs (2) physiotherapy 2-3 weeks: stretching 20-30 min daily (3) assess normal ROM of hip IR & flexion, ADL ROM modifications (4) modify ADL predisposing FAI (avoid FADIR) |
Stage 1 2 x day/ 2-4 wks Stage 2 20-30 min sessions daily for 2-3 wks Stage 3 2-3 wks Stage 4 2-3 wks |
VAS, HHS |
| Kemp et al.28 2018 | baseline and 12 weeks | Pilot RCT | N=24 Mean age 37 ± 8 | 7 m 17 f |
PT |
FAIS-specific PT group: personalized progressive strengthening and functional retraining Both Groups: received manual therapy, progressive physical activity, and education |
8 PT sessions over a 12 week period, and 12 weekly supervised gym visits. Participants were also asked to complete 2 additional unsupervised sessions at their convenience. |
HOOS-P, HOOS-Q |
FAI(S) = Femoroacetabular Impingement (Syndrome), Tx = treatment, yrs = years, Int. = intervention, IA injection = intra-articular injection, PT = physical therapy, post-op = post-operative, pre-op = pre-operative, SD = Standard Deviation,TA = triamcinolone acetoimide, HA = hyaluronic acid, wk = week, mo = month, m = males, f = females, ex = exercise, WB = weight bearing, TTWB = Toe Touch Weight Bearing, FWBAT = full weight bearing as tolerated, WBAT = Weight Bearing as Tolerated; MRA/I = magnetic resonance arthrography/ imaging, CT = Commuted Tomography, US = Ultrasound, VAS = visual analog scale; mHHS = modified Harris Hip Score; HOOS = Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; HOS = Hip Outcome Score; NRS = Numeric Rating Scale; HHS = Harris Hip Score; NPRS = Numeric Pain Rating Scale, ORS = Oral Numeric Scale NPS = Numeric Pain Scale, MTEX = manual therapy and supervised exercise group, Ad+HEP = advice plus home exercise group, pt = Patient, HEP = Home Exercise Plan, MT = Manual Therapy, HS=Hamstrings, BL=Bilateral