Table 3.

Available Study Interventions.

Author	Physical Therapy Interventions
Smeatham et al.24 2016	Control group: routine care, analgesia, and self-management advise/exercise previously provided Intervention group: control group interventions, MT, patient education, exercise (core stability, hip strengthening, spinal, and functional activity), stretching, corrective shoe insoles, gym class, and video gait analysis
Wright et al.25 2016	Control group: education on activity modification and HEP to complete 2-3x a week consisting of stretching with 30 sec. holds (HS, hip flexor, glutes, piriformis) and strengthening 3 sets x 15 with 3 second holds (clamshells, bridges, and standing hip abduction) Intervention group: HEP and treatment algorithm to classify patient after exam into the following groups: (1) pain – pain control interventions, low grade mobilizations, ROM activities, stretching; (2) stiffness – ROM activities, high grade mobilizations; (3) weakness – strength and stability exercises, strength training, balance activities, and functional WB exercises Strength training: 3 sets of 10 or until fatigue; areas addressed: hip abduction, hip extension, hip ER, knee flexion and extension, TA and multifidus training Neuromuscular control: balance activities of varied surfaces and progress to sports movements MT: manual stretching (quadricep, hip flexors, HS, adductors, gluteus, external rotators, internal rotators, FABER) 2 reps x 60 secs or 4 reps x30 secs; long axis distraction with thrust, caudal glide or distraction mobilization with hip flexion, hip glides (posterior, anterior, and lateral), IR in prone, quadrant (flexion, adduction, and rotation)
Emara et al.27 2011	4 stages of Therapy: Stage 1: physical activity modification and NSAIDs (2-4 weeks) Stage 2: PT for hip ER and abduction in extension and flexion stretching (20-30 min. daily), activity modification (2-3 weeks) Stage 3: activity modification adjusted for new pain-free ranges between maximum hip IR and ER Stage 4: modifying activity that pre-disposed FAI
Kemp et al.28 2018	Control: hip joint manual therapy, progressive cardiovascular fitness with dosage varying between 15 minutes to 1 hour, muscle stretching (hip, lower leg, and trunk) and health education FAIS -Specific physical therapy group: joint MT, specific trunk and hip (adductor, abductor, extensor, and ER) strengthening exercises with dosage varying from 1-2 sets for 15-50 reps, progressive cardiovascular fitness with the same as the control group, functional movement retraining, education; therapy tailored to clinical presentation and comorbidities

NSAIDs = Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug, FAI = Femoroacetabular impingement, FAIS = Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome, PT = Physical therapy, ER = External rotation, IR = Internal rotation, MT = Manual therapy, HEP = Home exercise plan, HS = Hamstring, ROM = Range of motion, tx = Treatment, WB = Weight bearing, TA = Transverse abdominus, FABER = Flexion Abduction External Rotation, reps = Repetitions, secs = Seconds