Table 2. An overview of KO, KAO, GA20ox, and C20-GA2ox mutants in O. sativa and Arabidopsis.

Mutant	O. sativa					Arabidopsis
	Symbol	Id	Mutation Type	Phenotype	Reference	Symbol	Id	Mutation Type	Phenotype	Reference
KO	OsKO1	Os06g0569900	Cas9 knockout	Severe dwarf, sterile	This result	AtKO	AT5G25900	35S overexpression	Similar to wild type	(Swain et al., 2005)
	OsKO2	Os06g0570100	Cas9 knockout	N/A	This result
			Spontaneous d35: a single nucleotide substitution	Semidwarf	(Itoh et al., 2004)
			Tos17 retrotransposon: insertion into exon 4	Severe dwarf, sterile	(Sakamoto et al., 2004)
	OsKO3	Os06g0569500	Cas9 knockout	Infected leaves, low setting rate	This result			A single nucleotide substitution introduces a stop codon	Severe dwarf	(Helliwell et al., 1998)
	OsKO4	Os06g0568600	Cas9 knockout	Low setting rate	This result
	OsKO5	Os06g0570600a	Cas9 knockout	Severe dwarf, sterile	This result
KAO	OsKAO	Os06g0110000	Cas9 knockout	Severe dwarf, sterile	This result	AtKAO1	AT1G05160	T-DNA insertion knockout	Similar to wild type (severe dwarf double knockout)	(Regnault et al., 2014)
			Tos17 retrotransposon: insertion into exon 5 or 6	Severe dwarf, sterile	(Sakamoto et al., 2004)	AtKAO2	AT2G32440	T-DNA insertion knockout	Similar to wild type (severe dwarf double knockout)	(Regnault et al., 2014)
GA20ox	OsGA20ox1	Os03g0856700	Cas9 knockout	N/A	This result	AtGA20ox1	AT4G25420	Spontaneous: a single nucleotide deletion	Alpine dwarf	(Luo et al., 2015)
			35S overexpression/ RNAi	Tall, low setting rate/ semidwarf	(Oikawa et al., 2004)			T-DNA insertion knockout	Semidwarf	(Rieu et al., 2008; Plackett et al., 2012)
	OsGA20ox2	Os01g0883800	Cas9 knockout	Semidwarf, low setting rate	This result	AtGA20ox2	AT5G51810	T-DNA insertion knockout	Delayed flowering, shorter siliques	(Rieu et al., 2008; Plackett et al., 2012)
			Spontaneous sd1: 383-bp deletion	Semidwarf	(Sasaki et al., 2002)	AtGA20ox3	AT5G07200	Ethyl-methane sulfonate Mutagenesis truncated protein and amino acid substitution	Little amplification on phenotype of ga20ox1/2	(Plackett et al., 2012)
	OsGA20ox3	Os07g0169700	Cas9 knockout	Semidwarf, low setting rate	This result
			35S overexpression/ RNAi	Tall, susceptible/ semidwarf, low setting rate	(Qin et al., 2013)	AtGA20ox4	AT1G60980	Natural 1-bp deletion	No altered phenotype	(Plackett et al., 2012)
	OsGA20ox4	Os05g0421900	Cas9 knockout	Semidwarf, low setting rate	This result	AtGA20ox5	AT1G44090	T-DNA insertion knockout	No altered phenotype	(Plackett et al., 2012)
C20-GA2ox	OsGA2ox5	Os07g0103500	Cas9 knockout	Large and chalky seeds, low setting rate	This result	AtGA2ox7	AT1G50960	T-DNA insertion knockout	GA excessive	(Schomburg et al., 2003)
			35S overexpression	Severe dwarf, irregularly shaped and small seeds	(Shan et al., 2014a)			35S overexpression	Dwarf	(Schomburg et al., 2003)
	OsGA2ox6	Os04g0522500	Cas9 knockout	Large and chalky seeds	This result
			35S overexpression	Dwarf, normal flowering and seed production	(Huang et al., 2010)	AtGA2ox8	AT4G21200	T-DNA insertion knockout	GA excessive	(Schomburg et al., 2003)
	OsGA2ox9	Os02g0630300	Cas9 knockout	Low setting rate	This result			35S overexpression	Dwarf	(Schomburg et al., 2003)
			35S overexpression	Semidwarf, slightly decreased fertility	(Lo et al., 2008)

^aNote that Os06g0570600 and Os06g0570566 have been considered to be “OsKOL1” by Itoh et al. (2004). Here, we call it “OsKO5.”