Table 2.
Proteomic and metabolomic markers in urine
| HHTg | HHTg + MGO | P< | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Proteomic markers | |||
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 44.33 ± 2.31 | 91.43 ± 5.88 | 0.001 |
| IL-8 (pg/ml) | 18.33 ± 0.29 | 49.43 ± 1.60 | 0.001 |
| MCP-1 (ng/ml) | 1.57 ± 0.02 | 3.76 ± 0.21 | 0.001 |
| EGF (ng/ml) | 4.95 ± 0.17 | 2.27 ± 0.01 | 0.001 |
| α-1 antitrypsin (ng/ml) | 13.90 ± 2.89 | 24.47 ± 2.11 | 0.001 |
| IgA-uromodulin (ng/ml) | 60.50 ± 5.20 | 68.71 ± 0.80 | 0.05 |
| Tumstatin (pg/ml) | 79.33 ± 1.15 | 68.00 ± 5.61 | n.s. |
| Endostatin (pg/ml) | 71.50 ± 4.04 | 102.14 ± 5.08 | 0.01 |
| Heparan sulphate (μg/ml) | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.31 ± 0.01 | 0.05 |
| Metabolomic markers | |||
| Malondialdehyde (ng/ml) | 22.25 ± 0.61 | 31.40 ± 0.32 | 0.001 |
| 4-hydroxyhexenal (ng/ml) | 14.77 ± 0.43 | 23.71 ± 0.76 | 0.001 |
| 4-hydroxynonenal (ng/ml) | 23.93 ± 0.12 | 32.72 ± 0.55 | 0.001 |
| Hexanal (ng/ml) | 15.82 ± 0.52 | 20.30 ± 0.56 | 0.01 |
| Heptanal (ng/ml) | 22.68 ± 0.20 | 28.62 ± 1.12 | 0.01 |
| Octanal (ng/ml) | 10.07 ± 0.09 | 11.87 ± 0.40 | 0.001 |
| Nonanal (ng/ml) | 12.20 ± 0.17 | 14.96 ± 0.07 | 0.001 |
| Decanal (ng/ml) | 9.35 ± 0.23 | 11.34 ± 0.32 | 0.001 |
| Dodecanal (ng/ml) | 6.77 ± 0.35 | 7.39 ± 0.32 | n.s. |
| 8-isoprostane (pg/ml) | 21.33 ± 0.29 | 29.09 ± 3.53 | 0.01 |
| 3-nitrotyrosine (pg/ml) | 49.67 ± 0.01 | 71.60 ± 0.53 | 0.001 |
| o-nitrotyrosine (pg/ml) | 57.17 ± 1.15 | 77.36 ± 1.49 | 0.001 |
| 3-chlorotyrosine (pg/ml) | 22.67 ± 2.02 | 35.54 ± 1.60 | 0.01 |
| 8-hydroxyguanosine (pg/ml) | 198.00 ± 4.91 | 231.54 ± 3.69 | 0.05 |
| 5-hydroxymethyluracil (pg/ml) | 93.00 ± 2.02 | 115.07 ± 13.76 | 0.05 |
| Leukotriene B4 (pg/ml) | 48.17 ± 8.66 | 81.86 ± 28.86 | n.s. |
| Leukotriene C4 (pg/ml) | 64.17 ± 4.91 | 66.67 ± 0.53 | n.s. |
| Leukotriene D4 (pg/ml) | 53.83 ± 1.73 | 60.69 ± 1.64 | 0.05 |
| Leukotriene E4 (pg/ml) | 119.17 ± 5.77 | 120.72 ± 0.12 | n.s. |
Data are shown as mean ± SEM; n = 8/group