Table 6.
Overview authors’ groupings of factors | Factors as specified in reviews1 | Outcomes used in quantitative studies to measure factors affecting stakeholders’ views and the implementation of HPV vaccination communication2 | Reviews | Number of reviews in this grouping |
---|---|---|---|---|
HPV education | Knowledge [39, 48], information needs [42], HPV awareness [46], parents’ HPV-related knowledge and awareness—HPV vaccine knowledge and awareness [47], cervical cancer / HPV knowledge [47] | Level of knowledge [39, 42], acceptability [46, 48], uptake [47] | [39, 42, 46–48] | 5 |
Health care provider influence | Physician recommendation [42], provider’s influence [45], health care provider recommendation [49] | Positive/negative [49], acceptability [42, 46], intention, uptake [45, 47] | [42, 45–47, 49] | 5 |
Perceived benefits of HPV vaccination | Perceived HPV vaccine benefits [46–49] | Attitudes, acceptance [46, 48], intention or uptake [49], uptake [47] | [46–49] | 4 |
Attitudes and beliefs | Parents’ vaccine attitudes—HPV vaccine safety concerns [47], fear of side effects/safety [48] | Acceptability [48], uptake [47] | [47–49] | 3 |
Anticipatory regret [46, 47] | Attitudes, uptake [46, 47] | [46, 47] | 2 | |
Feeling that the vaccine was not needed for various reasons [49] | Positive/negative [49] | [49] | 1 | |
Perceived HPV vaccine effectiveness [46] | Attitudes [46] | [46] | 1 | |
Fear of needles [46] | Attitudes [46] | [46] | 1 | |
Belief in vaccines in general | Uptake [47] | [47] | 1 | |
Structural barriers | Vaccine cost [45–47, 49] | Acceptability [46], intention or uptake [49], uptake [45, 47, 49] | [45–47, 49] | 4 |
Perceived HPV severity [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 | |
Logistical barriers [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 | |
Need for multiple shots/doses [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 | |
Acceptability | Acceptability [42, 46] | Level of acceptability [42, 46] | [42, 46] | 2 |
Parent’s vaccine beliefs, attitudes and intentions—intention to vaccinate child for HPV [47] | Uptake [47] | [47] | 1 | |
Sexual risk behavior | Number of lifetime sexual partners [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 |
Having a current sex partner [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 | |
History of STI [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 | |
Not being sexually active [49] | Positive/negative [49] | [49] | 1 | |
Other risk behaviors | Smoking cigarettes [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 |
Non-receipt of hepatitis B vaccine [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 | |
Socio-demographic factors | Effects of neighborhoods [45] | Uptake [45] | [45] | 1 |
Acculturation (e.g., language use, origin of birth) [45] | HPV vaccination [45] | [45] | 1 | |
Being employed [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 | |
Educational level [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 | |
Non-white (vs white) ethnicity [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 | |
HPV vaccine endorsements | Endorsement from a governmental source [41] | N/A [41] | [41] | 1 |
Partner thinks one should get the vaccine [46] | Acceptability [46] | [46] | 1 | |
Other | Cultural sexual health values (such as social norms regarding adolescent sexuality and stigma related to sexually transmitted diseases) [45] | N/A [45] | [45] | 1 |
Immigration laws [45] | N/A [45] | [45] | 1 | |
Mother as HPV vaccine decision-maker (vs both parents) [47] | Uptake [47] | [47] | 1 | |
Social norms [49] | Intention or uptake [49] | [49] | 1 |
1Not all reviews in each group assessed all factors
2Not all reviews in each group assessed all outcomes