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. 2019 Jul 18;7(7):e12042. doi: 10.2196/12042

Table 2.

Description of participant demographics.

Study identity Number of participantsa Mean age (SD or range)a Age group (n)a Gender (male), n (%)a
Abraham et al [32] 20 b 7-11 (4), 12-14 (9), 15-17 (7) 8 (40)
Ammerlaan et al [33] IGc: 10; CGd: 9 IG: 22.3 (17-25); CG: 20.7 (17-25) IG: 1 (10); CG: (2) 22
Ammerlaan et al [34] 13 20 (17-22) 1 (8)
Applebaum et al [35] Questionnaire: 35; Focus group: 20 Questionnaire: 16.9 (13-20); Focus group: — Survey: 9 (26); Focus group: —
Ashurst et al [36] Stage 1: 6; Stage 2: 83 Stage 1: 20.3 (3.3); Stage 2: 19.0 (2.6) Stage 1: —; Stage 2: 37 (45)
Breakey et al [37] 29 IG: 16.0 (1.4); CG: 16.1 (1.4) 29 (100)
Coyne et al [38] Phase 1 questionnaire: 207, interview: 21; phase 2 co-design group: 5, telephone interview: 4, participatory workshop: 12 Phase 1 questionnaire: 14-25 (207), interview participants: 14-25 (21); phase 2 co-design group: 15-25 (5), telephone interview: 15-25 (4), participatory workshop: 15-25 (12) Phase 1 questionnaire: —, interview participants: —; phase 2 co-design group: 2 (40), telephone interview: —, participatory workshop: —
Huang et al [39] 10 20 (18-25) 4 (40)
Huang et al [19] IG: 40; CG: 41 IG: 17 (12-20)e; CG: 17 (12-19)e IG: 17 (43); CG: 20 (49)
Johnson et al [40] 134 High PedsQL_Psycho: 15.9 (—); low PedsQL_Psycho: 16.3 (—) High PedsQL_Psycho: 10 (15); low PedsQL_Psycho: 12 (18)
Joseph et al [41] 314 15.3 (1.0) 115 (37)
Korus et al [42] 21 12-14 (7), 15-17 (13), 18 (1) 14 (67)
Lopez et al [43] Phase 2 expert panel: 6 Phase 2 expert panel: 16 (15-19)e Phase 2 expert panel: 2 (33)
Mulvaney et al [44] IG: 48; CG: 24 IG: 15.1 (1.5); CG: 15.1 (1.3) IG: 25 (52); CG: 15 (62)
Mulvaney et al [45] 41 IG only: 15.1 (1.5) IG only: 21 (51)
Paul [46] Phase 1: —; phase 2: 5 (Only 3 participants completed phase 2) Phase 1: —; phase 2: 14 (1), 15 (3), 17 (1) Phase 1: —; phase 2: 3 (60)
Peters et al [47] 20 17.8 (15-24) 8 (40)
Runge et al [48] 178 IG1: 11.1 (2.4); IG2: 11.0 (2.2); CG: 11.5 (2.9) IG1: 47 (55); IG2: 29 (66); CG: 38 (79)
Scal et al [49], Secor-Turner et al [60] Youth: 5; Young adults: 5 Youth:16.2 (14-21)f; Young adults: 25.4 (22-28)f Youth: 2 (40)f; young adults: 1 (20)f
Schneider et al [50] 16 13-18 (16)
Schneider et al [51] 20 14.4 (1.6) 9 (45)
Simmons et al [52] Web-based focus group: 40; In-person message testing focus group: 19 Web-based focus group: 16-17 (24), 18-19 years (16); In-person message testing focus group: 16-17 (12), 18-19 (7)
Slater et al [53] 23 20.8 (2.4) 3 (13)
Sterling et al [54] 11 16.3 (12.8-18.3) 11 (100)
Stinson et al [55] 19 15.7 (1.5) 5 (26)
Stinson et al [56] IG: 22; CG: 24 IG: 14.4 (1.3); CG: 14.8 (1.7) IG: 7 (32); CG: 8 (33)
Stinson et al [57] 23 14-18 (23) 5 (22)
Whittemore et al [58] Phase 1 intervention development: 3; Phase 2 randomized pilot trial: 12; program evaluation: 10 Phase 1 intervention development: —; phase 2 randomized pilot trial: 14.4 (0.9); program evaluation: 14.0 (1.2) Phase 1 intervention development: —; phase 2 randomized pilot trial: 5 (42); Program evaluation: 6 (60)
Zhao et al [59] 10 20.2 (—) 3 (30)

aCharacteristics of parent, health care professional, or healthy participants are not included.

bNot specified or not reported.

cIG: intervention group.

dCG: comparison group.

eMedian years (minimum-maximum).

fInformation was obtained from a related, secondary source.