LPS increases the number of adherent leukocytes in the brain vasculature. a, b, Rod-shaped or round leukocyte immunostained for CD45 in the brain of a normal mouse. Scale bar: a, b, 5 μm. c, Stereological analysis revealed an increased number of CD45+ adherent leukocytes in the cerebral cortex of mice killed 6 or 12 h after intraperitoneal injection of LPS (1 mg/kg). *Significantly different from LPS 1 h (ANOVA, p ≤ 0.0035). Error bars indicate SEM. d, A positive correlation was found between the number of rod-shaped leukocytes and that of round leukocytes (Pearson's correlation, p < 0.0001, r = 0.87). Each data point represents a mouse treated with LPS or saline.