Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with planned, unplanned or urgent starts to RRT categorized by the cause for emergency presentation
| Planned | Unplanned |
Urgent |
Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systemic illness | Accelerated decline | Patient related | Systemic illness | Accelerated decline | Patient related | |||
| Patients, n | 410 | 135 | 81 | 28 | 106 | 57 | 8 | 825 |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 61.9 (14.9) | 68.0 (11.4) | 63.3 (17.1) | 55.8 (16.8) | 63.9 (16.0) | 51.1 (18.3) | 68.9 (15.6) | 61.3 (15.8) |
| Time known to renal (years), mean (SD) | 5.0 (4.8) | 4.2 (4.2) | 3.0 (4.1) | 4.2 (4.5) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 3.6 (4.5) |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||||||
| Male | 256 (62.4) | 91 (67.4) | 49 (60.5) | 16 (57.1) | 69 (65.1) | 40 (70.2) | 2 (25.0) | 526 (63.2) |
| Female | 44 (32.6) | 32 (39.5) | 12 (42.9) | 37 (34.9) | 17 (29.8) | 6 (75.0) | ||
| Ethnicity, n (%) | ||||||||
| Asian | 188 (45.9) | 53 (38.5) | 33 (40.7) | 11 (39.3) | 32 (30.2) | 16 (28.1) | 4 (50.0) | 338 (40.6) |
| Black | 77 (18.8) | 24 (17.8) | 18 (22.2) | 7 (25.0) | 15 (14.2) | 19 (33.3) | 1 (12.5) | 163 (19.6) |
| Other | 21 (5.1) | 6 (4.4) | 5 (6.2) | 2 (7.1) | 2 (1.9) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 38 (4.6) |
| Caucasian | 124 (30.2) | 53 (39.9) | 25 (30.9) | 8 (28.6) | 57 (53.8) | 21 (36.8) | 3 (37.5) | 293 (35.2) |
| Primary renal diagnosis, n (%) | ||||||||
| Other | 62 (15.1) | 22 (16.3) | 8 (9.9) | 2 (7.1) | 35 (33.0) | 12 (21.1) | 3 (37.5) | 145 (17.4) |
| Unknown | 82 (20.0) | 19 (14.1) | 14 (17.3) | 6 (21.4) | 8 (7.5) | 22 (38.6) | 3 (37.5) | 155 (18.6) |
| Renovascular | 9 (2.2) | 7 (5.2) | 4 (4.9) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.9) | 2 (3.5) | 0 (0.0) | 24 (2.9) |
| Glomerulonephritis | 60 (14.6) | 15 (11.1) | 13 (16.0) | 4 (14.3) | 38 (35.8) | 2 (3.5) | 0 (0.0) | 134 (16.1) |
| ADPKD | 27 (6.6) | 3 (2.2) | 1 (1.2) | 2 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 27 (6.6) |
| DM | 127 (50.4) | 69 (51.1) | 41 (50.6) | 14 (50.0) | 23 (21.7) | 19 (33.3) | 2 (25.0) | 170 (41.5) |
| Age range (years), n (%) | ||||||||
| <45 | 57 (13.9) | 5 (3.7) | 15 (18.5) | 7 (25.0) | 16 (15.1) | 24 (42.1) | 1 (12.5) | 127 (15.3) |
| 45–59 | 114 (27.8) | 23 (17.0) | 13 (16.0) | 10 (35.7) | 23 (21.7) | 12 (21.1) | 0 (0.0) | 197 (23.7) |
| 60–74 | 146 (25.6) | 65 (48.1) | 29 (35.8) | 7 (25.0) | 28 (26.4) | 13 (22.8) | 4 (50.0) | 294 (35.3) |
| >75 | 93 (22.7) | 42 (31.1) | 24 (29.6) | 4 (14.3) | 39 (36.8) | 8 (14.0) | 3 (37.5) | 214 (25.7) |
| DM, n (%) | 186 (45.4) | 91 (67.4) | 38 (59.3) | 15 (53.6) | 33 (31.1) | 22 (38.6) | 3 (37.5) | 402 (48.3) |
| Cardiac disease, n (%) | 86 (21.0) | 61 (45.2) | 23 (28.4) | 5 (17.9) | 31 (29.2) | 14 (24.6) | 2 (25.0) | 224 (26.9) |
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 30 (7.3) | 22 (16.3) | 6 (7.4) | 1 (3.6) | 9 (8.5) | 4 (7.0) | 1 (12.5) | 73 (8.8) |
| Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) | 34 (8.3) | 21 (15.6) | 13 (16.0) | 2 (7.1) | 10 (9.4) | 5 (8.8) | 1 (12.5) | 86 (10.3) |
| Viral disease, n (%) | 11 (2.7) | 6 (4.4) | 5 (6.2) | 2 (7.1) | 7 (6.6) | 6 (10.5) | 1 (12.5) | 38 (4.6) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 103 (25.1) | 54 (40.0) | 35 (43.2) | 11 (39.3) | 48 (45.3) | 28 (49.1) | 6 (75.0) | 291 (35.0) |
| Haematological malignancy, n (%) | 10 (2.4) | 7 (5.2) | 3 (3.7) | 1 (3.6) | 8 (7.5) | 3 (5.3) | 1 (12.5) | 33 (4.0) |
| Biochemistry, n (%) | ||||||||
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 672 (211) | 678 (240) | 767 (309) | 1001 (372) | 878 (482) | 1013 (589) | 790 (328) | 744 (335) |
| Modality, n (%) | ||||||||
| Peritoneal dialysis | 66 (16.1) | 1 (0.70) | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 69 (8.3) |
| Haemodialysis | 344 (83.9) | 134 (99.3) | 79 (97.5) | 28 (100.0) | 106 (100.0) | 57 (100.0) | 8 (100.0) | 763 (91.7) |
Data were complete for age, gender, planned status, mortality, initial RRT modality, primary renal diagnosis and reason for emergency RRT start. The following variables had missing data: ethnicity (n = 1), initial RRT access (n = 7), time known to renal services prior to RRT start (n = 13), creatinine (n = 1).