TABLE 2.
Cross-sectional Spearman correlates with CEC in all participants and in only controls
| Correlation (P) with CECa | ||
| All Participants | Controls Only | |
| Age (years) | −0.01 (0.57) | 0.01 (0.73) |
| Fasting ≥8 h at blood draw | −0.01 (0.70) | −0.04 (0.33) |
| BMI | −0.11 (<0.0001) | −0.13 (0.0004) |
| History of diabetes | −0.04 (0.15) | −0.07 (0.05) |
| History of hypertension | 0.02 (0.54) | −0.02 (0.61) |
| History of hypercholesterolemia | 0.14 (<0.0001) | 0.15 (<0.0001) |
| Cholesterol-lowering medication use (%) | 0.07 (0.008) | 0.07 (0.08) |
| Parental CHD before age 60 | 0.05 (0.09) | 0.05 (0.21) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 0.34 (<0.0001) | 0.34 (<0.0001) |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 0.50 (<0.0001) | 0.53 (<0.0001) |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 0.15 (<0.0001) | 0.15 (0.0001) |
| apoB (mg/dl) | 0.14 (<0.0001) | 0.08 (0.09) |
| TGs (mg/dl)† | 0.02 (0.44) | −0.04 (0.31) |
| HbA1cb | −0.05 (0.06) | −0.07 (0.09) |
| hsCRP (mg/l)b | −0.07 (0.008) | −0.007 (0.85) |
| Physical activity (quintiles) | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.10 (0.01) |
| Current smoker | −0.03 (0.26) | −0.03 (0.51) |
| Alcohol (categories) | 0.25 (<0.0001) | 0.28 (<0.0001) |
| Diet quality scorec (quintiles) | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.04 (0.21) |
hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.
a
CEC is calculated as a normalized percentage using the formula: (cpm of 3H-cholesterol in media – cpm of 3H-cholesterol in baseline control)/(cpm of 3H-cholesterol in cells + cpm of 3H-cholesterol in the media) × 100.
b
Log-transformed because the variable has a skewed distribution.
c
Diet quality score is the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010.