Figure 1.

Water maze learning in mice fed control or (−)epicatechin food pellets and housed with or without access to a running wheel (2 h per day) for 42 d. Mice were trained for 8 d with two trials per day between days 31 and 38 to find the hidden platform in the Morris water maze. A–C, Latency (A), path length (B), and swim speed (C) did not differ between the groups. D, E, The probe tests (40 s) at 4 h (D) and 24 h (E) after the last trial on day 8 showed that ER mice spent significantly more time in the target quadrant (NW) than any of the other quadrants (*p < 0.05). Error bars indicate SEM. NW, Northwest; NE, northeast; SE, southeast; SW, southwest.