Figure 3.

The temporal characteristics of sonar vocal sequences in different behavioral tasks. The sonar call duration (top row) and pulse interval (bottom row) are shown as a function of target distance or trial time. A, Data from two free-flying bats attacking a stationary edible target. Sonar call duration and pulse interval show distinctive changes as a function of target distance. B, During a virtual target amplitude discrimination experiment, call duration and pulse interval are large compared with the other tasks and vary in a nonpatterned manner over the course of each trial. C, In real oscillating target tracking trials, bats remain stationary and a target oscillates toward and away from the bat. Sonar call duration and pulse interval vary closely with target distance. Data in A–C comprise sonar calls, from all trials, during one session. The total number of call parameters plotted for each behavioral task is shown in the top row.