Figure 3.
Place and response tasks on the plus-shaped maze. In the place task, one goal arm (north or south) was approached from both start arms (east and west). In the response task, one body turn response (right or left) was made to enter a goal arm from either start arm. Black arrows depict correct journeys from each start arm. Each rat learned only two of the four possible contingencies. Switching rats learned one place and one response contingency, whereas rats performing spatial reversals learned both place contingencies (see Experiment 1: multiple switches versus multiple reversals).