Progressive DA cell loss in the ventral midbrain of En1+/− mice. A, TH-positive cells in the ventral midbrain of WT and En1+/− mice at 3 and 48 weeks postnatal. B, Progressive loss of DA neurons in SN with age in En1+/− mice (3, 8, 16, 24, 48 weeks postnatal). En1+/− versus WT, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 (3 vs 8 weeks, #p < 0.05; vs 16 weeks, ##p < 0.01; vs 24 and 48 weeks, ###p < 0.001). Actual numbers from which percentages of surviving neurons were calculated at each age are provided in supplemental Table 1 (available at www.jneurosci.org as supplemental material). C, Loss of DA neurons in VTA of En1+/− mice (3 and 48 weeks postnatal). For 48 versus 3 weeks, #p < 0.05; En1+/− versus WT, **p < 0.01 (n = 3–4 by group of age and genotype).