Figure 1.

Schematic of the task for eliciting response anticipation and response conflict. In each trial, a 250 ms cue period was followed by an imperative 250 ms target stimulus (the center arrow in a row of 5 arrows), with a 2250 ms cue–target interval and a 2000 ms response window. The intertrial interval was jittered between 3000 and 3500 ms with an average duration of 3250 ms. There were two cue conditions: uncued trials and cued trials, including relax and ready cues. There were two target conditions: targets with congruent or incongruent flankers. The participants' task was to indicate the direction of the target.