Position-dependent preferential outgrowth of spinal neurites on membranes from rostral or caudal halves of the diaphragm. Cervical spinal cord slices [rostral spinal cord (RSC)] or lumbar cord slices [caudal spinal cord (CSC)] were cocultured on alternating lanes of membranes from rostral diaphragm (RD) or caudal diaphragm (CD) muscles. A, RCS neurites grow preferentially on lanes of membranes from rostral diaphragm in 60% of cultures. B, CSC neurites grow preferentially on lanes of membranes from caudal diaphragm in 60% of cultures. C, Columns show percentage of cultures showing preferential outgrowth on membranes from rostral sectors or caudal sectors of diaphragm muscle or no striking preference (random). Numbers indicate number of cultures in each category. A χ2 test for differences between rostral and caudal neurite outgrowth is highly significant (p < 0.001). Magnification: A, B, 120×.