Table 2:
Recent experimental therapeutics for bronchopulmonary dysplasia tested in animal models.
| Therapeutic agent(s) | Laboratory model | Results | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUFA w-3 PUFA w-6 |
Pregnant rats treated at embryonic Day 15. Pups exposed to 85% oxygen after birth. | PUFA w-3 reversed and reduced inflammatory gene expression and leukocyte infiltration, improved survival, and decreased pulmonary hypertension caused by hyperoxia. | Zhong et al.,30 2018 |
| SMOFlipid® or Intralipid® parenteral administration | 3-day old guinea pigs. | SMOFlipid induced greater oxidation, apoptosis, and hypoalveolarisation. | Lavoie et al.,31 2018 |
| Quercetin (20 mg/kg) | Newborn mice (85% oxygen). | Intraperitoneal administration of quercetin attenuated hyperoxia-mediated lung injury by reducing inflammation and improving alveolarisation. | Maturu et al.,32 2018 |
| Vitamin D (1 ng/g) | Intra-amniotic LPS injection of pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. | Treatment with vitamin D alleviated alveolar simplification and decreased expression of inflammatory factors. | Liu et al.,33 2017 |
| Pioglitazone plus synthetic lung surfactant | 1-day old Sprague-Dawley rat pups (95% oxygen). | Treatment with pioglitazone increased markers of alveolar epithelial/mesenchymal maturation and reduced hyperoxia-induced lung injury. | Sakurai et al.,34 2018 |
| Deferoxamine (17 mg/kg/day for 14 days) | Newborn mice (75% oxygen). | Deferoxamine-treated animals showed better weight gain, improved vascularisation and alveolarisation, and reduced pathological severity than controls. | Chen et al.,35 2018 |
| Human amniotic fluid stem cells | Preterm rabbit pups (95% oxygen). | Treatment with stem cells expressing high levels of VEGF attenuated lung inflammation and hyperoxia-induced parenchymal and vascular structural or functional damage. | Jimenez et al.,36 2018 |
| Exosomes from MSC | Newborn mice (75% oxygen) | Treatment with exosomes ameliorated alveolar simplification, fibrosis, pulmonary vascular remodelling, and pulmonary hypertension. | Willis et al.,37 2018 |
LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MSC: mesenchymal stem/stromal cells; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.