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. 2019 Jul 25;10:1611. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01611

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Copyright © 2019 Jahchan, Mujal, Pollack, Binnewies, Sriram, Reyno and Krummel.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cartoon depicting the six “Pillars of Myeloid Tuning” and the myeloid targets within each category. The myeloid tuning strategies affecting the Composition of the TME include targets modulating Recruitment (CCL2-CCR2/5, CSF1-CSF1R, CXCL8-CXCR1/2; CXCL12-CXCR4, VEGF-VEGFR, Endothelins), Proliferation (FLT3L-FLT3, TLRs, CD40-CD40L), and Survival (CSF1R, TRAIL/Caspase 8, VEGF, c-kit). The myeloid tuning strategies altering the Function of the TME include targets inducing Differentiation (CSF1, GM-CSF, G-CSF, Retinoic Acid Receptor ATRA), Reprogramming (Histone Deacetylase, CSF1R, MARCO, Arginase, PI3Kγ), and Activation (CD47-SIRPα, A2AR, CD73/CD39, STING, TLRs, CD40, Arginase). The indicated myeloid targets in each category are not comprehensive.