Table 1.
Summary of ongoing clinical trials with agents that target myeloid cells.
| Target | Myeloid target cells | Drug name | Drug class | Sponsor | Indications | Clinical trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CCL2 | Chemokine for Monocytes and other immune cells | NOX-E36 | PEG-Aptamer | Noxxon Pharma AG | NSCLC and PDAC | Phase Ib/II Planned |
| CCR2 CCR5 |
Monocytes Macrophages, DCs, T-cells | BMS-813160 | SM | Bristol-Myers Squibb Co | Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase Ib/II, NCT03184870 |
| CCR2 | Monocytes Macrophages, DCs, T-cells | CCX872-B | SM | ChemoCentryx Inc | Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas | Phase Ib; NCT02345408 |
| CXCR2 | Neutrophils, Mast cells, Macrophages, Monocytes | SX-682 | SM | Synthrix Biosystems Inc | Metastatic Melanoma | Phase I; NCT03161431 |
| CXCL8 | Chemokine for neutrophils and monocytes | BMS-986253 | SM | Bristol-Myers Squibb Co | Hormone sensitive prostate cancer | Phase Ib/II; NCT03689699 |
| CSF1R | Monocytes, Macrophages, DCs (also on microglia, Paneth cells, Ostecolasts, Epithelial cells) | PLX-3397 | SM | Plexxikonn Inc | Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor | Phase III NCT02371369 |
| CSF1R | Monocytes, Macrophages, DCs (also on microglia, Paneth cells, Ostecolasts, Epithelial cells) | PLX-3397 | SM | Plexxikonn Inc | Solid Tumors GBM and Gliosarcoma Refractory Leukemias and Refractory Solid Tumors KIT-mutated Melanoma Metastatic Breast Cancer |
Phase I; NCT01004861 Phase I/II; NCT02777710 Phase I/II; NCT01790503 Phase I/II; NCT02390752 Phase I/II; NCT02975700 Phase Ib/II; NCT01596751 |
| CSF1R | Monocytes, Macrophages, DCs (also on microglia, Paneth cells, Ostecolasts, Epithelial cells) | ARRY-382 | SM | Array BioPharma Inc | Solid Tumors | Phase Ib/II NCT02880371 |
| CSF1R | Monocytes, Macrophages, DCs (also on microglia, Paneth cells, Ostecolasts, Epithelial cells) | Cabiralizumab | mAb | Bristol-Myers Squibb Co | Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer Resectable Biliary Tract Cancer |
Phase II; NCT03336216 Phase II; NCT03697564 Phase II; NCT03768531 |
| CSF1R | Monocytes, Macrophages, DCs (also on microglia, Paneth cells, Ostecolasts, Epithelial cells) | Cabiralizumab | mAb | Bristol-Myers Squibb Co | Advanced Melanoma, NSCLC, and RCC Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor Selected advanced cancers |
Phase I; NCT03502330 Phase I/II; NCT02471716 Phase I; NCT02526017 |
| CSF1R | Monocytes, Macrophages, DCs (also on microglia, Paneth cells, Ostecolasts, Epithelial cells) | BLZ-945 | SM | Novartis AG | Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase I/II; NCT02829723 |
| CSF1R | Monocytes, Macrophages, DCs (also on microglia, Paneth cells, Ostecolasts, Epithelial cells) | LY-3022855 | mAb | Eli Lilly and Co | Melanoma Pancreatic Cancer |
Phase I/II; NCT03101254 Phase I; NCT03153410 |
| CSF1R | Monocytes, Macrophages, DCs (also on microglia, Paneth cells, Ostecolasts, epithelial cells) | Emactuzumab | mAb | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd | Advanced Solid Tumors Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer | Phase I; NCT02323191 Phase II; NCT02923739 |
| CSF1R | Monocytes, Macrophages, DCs (also on microglia, Paneth cells, Ostecolasts, Epithelial cells) | AMG-820 | mAb | Amgen | Pancreatic Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, NSCLC | Phase Ib/II; NCT02713529 |
| CSF1R | Monocytes, Macrophages, DCs (also on microglia, Paneth cells, Ostecolasts, Epithelial cells) | DCC-3014 | SM | Deciphera Pharmaceuticals LLC | Hematological Tumors; Solid Tumors | Phase I; NCT03069469 |
| CSF1R | Monocytes, Macrophages, DCs (also on microglia, Paneth cells, Ostecolasts, Epithelial cells) | SNDX-6352 | SM | Syndax Pharmaceuticals Inc | Solid Tumors | Phase I; NCT03238027 |
| M-CSF | Growth factor for monocytes, macrophages, and other cells | Lacnotuzumab | mAb | Novartis AG | Advanced Malignancies | Phase Ib/II; NCT02807844 |
| M-CSF | Growth factor for monocytes, macrophages, and other cells | PD-0360324 | mAb | Pfizer Inc | Platinum-Resistant Epithelial Ovarian Cancer | Phase II; NCT02948101 |
| CD47 | Tumor Cells, Red Blood Cells | Hu-5F9G4 | mAb | Forty-Seven Inc | Hematological Malignancies Relapsed/Refractory B-cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Ovarian Cancer Solid Tumors and Advanced Colorectal Cancer |
Phase I; NCT03248479 Phase Ib/II; NCT02953509 Phase I; NCT03558139 Phase Ib/II; NCT02953782 |
| CD47 | Tumor Cells, Red Blood Cells | IBI-188 | mAb | Innovent Biologics Inc | Advanced Malignant Tumors and Lymphoma Advanced Malignancies |
Phase I: NCT03763149 Phase I: NCT03717103 |
| CD47 | Tumor Cells, Red Blood Cells | CC-90002 | mAb | Celgene Corp | Advanced Solid and Hematologic Cancers | Phase I; NCT02367196 |
| CD47 | Tumor Cells, Red Blood Cells | SRF-231 | mAb | Surface Oncology Inc | Advanced Solid and Hematologic Cancers | Phase I; NCT03512340 |
| SIRPα | Macrophages, DCs | ALX-148 | Fusion protein | ALX Oncology Inc | Advanced Solid Tumors and Lymphoma | Phase I; NCT03013218 |
| SIRPα | Macrophages, DCs | TTI-621 | Fusion protein | Trillium Therapeutics Inc | Hematologic Malignancies and Selected Solid Tumors Relapsed and Refractory Solid Tumors |
Phase I; NCT02663518 Phase I; NCT02890368 |
| SIRPα | Macrophages, DCs | TTI-622 | Fusion protein | Trillium Therapeutics Inc | Relapsed or Refractory Lymphoma or Myeloma | Phase I; NCT03530683 |
| PI3Kγ | Macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils. Mast cells | IPI-549 | SM | Infinity Pharmaceuticals Inc | Advanced Solid Tumors Advanced HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC |
Phase I; NCT02637531 Phase II; NCT03795610 |
| A2AR | T-cells, monocytes, macrophages, DCs, NKs | CPI-444 | SM | Corvus Pharma | Advanced Cancers | Phase I; NCT02655822 |
| A2AR | T-cells, monocytes, macrophages, DCs, NKs | PBF-509 | SM | Novartis AG | Advanced NSCLC | Phase I; NCT02403193 |
| A2AR | T-cells, monocytes, macrophages, DCs, NKs | AB-928 | SM | Arcus Biosciences Inc | Advanced Malignancies Gastrointestinal Malignancies TNBC and Gynecologic Malignancies Lung Cancer |
Phase I; NCT03629756 Phase I; NCT03720678 Phase I; NCT03719326 Phase I; NCT03846310 |
| CD73 | Ectonucleotidase in the TME | MEDI-9447 | mAb | MedImmune LLC | Advanced EGFRm NSCLC Relapsed Ovarian Cancer Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer |
Phase Ib/II; NCT03381274 Phase II; NCT03267589 Phase I/II; NCT03616886 Phase Ib/II; NCT03611556 |
| CD73 | Ectonucleotidase in the TME | CPI-006 | mAb | Corvus Pharma | Advanced Cancers | Phase I; NCT03454451 |
| CD73 | Ectonucleotidase in the TME | BMS-986179 | mAb | Bristol-Myers Squibb Co | Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase I/IIa; NCT02754141 |
| CD73 | Ectonucleotidase in the TME | AB-680 | SM | Arcus Biosciences Inc | Healthy Volunteers | Phase I; NCT03677973 |
| CD73 | Ectonucleotidase in the TME | NZV-930 | mAb | Novartis AG | Advanced Malignancies | Phase I; NCT03549000 |
| Arginase | Macrophages, Neutrophils | CB-1158 | SM | Calithera/Incyte Corp | Advanced and Metastatic Solid Tumors Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma |
Phase I/II; NCT02903914, NCT03314935 Phase I/II; NCT003837509 |
| Arginase | Macrophages, Neutrophils | AEB-1102 | Rec Enzyme | Aeglea Biotherapeutics | Advanced Solid Tumors Extensive Disease SCLC |
Phase I; NCT02561234 Phase I/II; NCT03371979 |
| Arginase | Macrophages, Neutrophils | ARG1-18 | Vaccine | Herlev Hospital | Metastatic Solid Tumors | Phase I; NCT03689192 |
| TLR3 | DCs, Macrophages, T-cells | Rintatolimod | Oligonucleotide | Hemispherx Biopharma Inc | Recurrent Ovarian Cancer Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Metastatic TNBC |
Phase II; NCT03734692 Phase I; NCT03403634 Phase I/II; NCT02151448 Phase I; NCT03599453 |
| TLR4 | Macrophages, Monocytes, Granulocytes, DCs | G100 | Rec Adenovirus | Immune Design Corp | Follicular Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma |
Phase I/II; NCT02501473 Phase II; NCT03742804 |
| TLR4 | Macrophages, Monocytes, Granulocytes, DCs | GSK-091 | SM | GlaxoSmithKline Plc | Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase I; NCT03447314 |
| TLR4 | Macrophages, Monocytes, Granulocytes, DCs | ECI-006 | Oligonucleotide | eTheRNA Immunotherapies | Metastatic Melanoma | Phase I; NCT03394937 |
| TLR5 | Macrophages, Monocytes, DCs, T-cells, Intestinal Epithelial cells | M-VM3 | Vaccine | Panacela Labs Inc | Prostate Cancer | Phase Ib; NCT02844699 |
| TLR7 | B-cells, DCs, Monocytes, Macrophages, Neutrophils | Imiquimod UGN-102 | SM | UroGen Pharmaceuticals Ltd | Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) | Phase II; NCT03558503 |
| TLR7TLR8 | B-cells, DCs, Monocytes, Macrophages, Neutrophils | NKTR-262 | SM | Nektar Therapeutics | Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumor Malignancies | Phase I/II; NCT03435640 |
|
TLR7 TLR8 |
B-cells, DCs, Monocytes, Macrophages, Neutrophils | Resiquimod R848 | SM | Galderma SA | Metastatic Melanoma | Phase II; NCT00960752 |
| TLR8 | DCs, Monocytes, Macrophages, Neutrophils | Motolimod VTX-2337 | SM | Celgene Corp | Recurrent, Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer | Phase I/II; NCT02431559 |
| TLR9 | B-cells, T-cells, Macrophages, Monocytes, Neutrophils | Lefitolimod MGN1703 | Oligonucleotide | Mologen AG | Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Advanced Solid Tumors |
Phase III; NCT02077868 Phase I; NCT02668770 |
| TLR9 | B-cells, T-cells, Macrophages, Monocytes, Neutrophils | Tilsotolimod | Oligonucleotide | Idera Pharmaceuticals Inc | Solid Tumors | Phase II; NCT03865082 |
| TLR9 | B-cells, T-cells, Macrophages, Monocytes, Neutrophils | AST-008 | Oligonucleotide | Exicure Inc | Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase Ib/II; NCT03684785 |
| TLR9 | B-cells, T-cells, Macrophages, Monocytes, Neutrophils | CMP-001 | Oligonucleotide | Checkmate Pharmaceuticals Inc | Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Advanced Melanoma Melanoma with LN disease |
Phase I; NCT03507699 Phase I; NCT03438318 Phase I; NCT02680184 Phase II; NCT03618641 |
| TLR9 | B-cells, T-cells, Macrophages, Monocytes, Neutrophils | SD-101 | Oligonucleotide | Dynavax Technologies Corp | Relapsed or Refractory Follicular Lymphoma B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Advanced or Metastatic Solid Malignancies |
Phase Ib/II; NCT02927964 Phase I; NCT03410901 Phase I; NCT03831295 |
| TLR9 | B-cells, T-cells, Macrophages, Monocytes, Neutrophils | DV-281 | Oligonucleotide | Dynavax Technologies Corp | Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma | Phase I; NCT03326752 |
| DC | DCs | Poly-ICLC (Hiltonol) | Vaccine | Oncovir Inc | MRP Colon Cancer Unresectable Solid Cancers Recurrent Pediatric Gliomas Solid Cancer Prostate Cancer |
Phase I/II; NCT02834052 Phase I/II; NCT03721679 Phase II; NCT01188096 Phase II; NCT02423863 Phase I; NCT0362103 |
| FLT3L | DC Progenitors, pDCs, cDCs | rhuFlt3L/(CDX-301) | Rec protein | Celldex Therapeutics | Low Grade B-Cell Lymphomas Advanced NSCLC |
Phase I/I; NCT01976585 Phase II; NCT02839265 |
| STING | T-cells, NK cells, DCs, Monocytes, Macrophages | MK-1454 | SM | Merck & Co Inc | Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors and Lymphomas | Phase I; NCT03010176 |
| STING | T-cells, NK cells, DCs, Monocytes, Macrophages | ADU-S100 (MIW815) | SM | Aduro BioTech Inc | Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors and Lymphomas | Phase I; NCT02675439 NCT03172936 |
| CD40 | DCs, Macrophages, Monocytes, B-cells, Endothelial Cells, Tumor Cells | APX-005M | mAb | Apexigen Inc | Solid Tumors Advanced Sarcomas Metastatic Melanoma Pediatric CNS Tumors Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer |
Phase I; NCT02482168 Phase II; NCT03719430 Phase I/II; NCT02706353 Phase I; NCT03389802 Phase Ib/II; NCT03214250 |
| CD40 | DCs, Macrophages, Monocytes, B-cells, Endothelial Cells, Tumor Cells | Selicrelumab | mAb | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd | Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors | Phase I; NCT02665416, NCT02304393 |
| CD40 | DCs, Macrophages, Monocytes, B-cells, Endothelial Cells, Tumor Cells | ABBV-927 | mAb | AbbVie Inc | Advanced Solid Tumors Advanced Head and Neck Cancer |
Phase I; NCT02988960 Phase I; NCT03818542 |
| CD40 | DCs, Macrophages, Monocytes, B-cells, Endothelial Cells, Tumor Cells | MEDI-5083 | Fusion protein | MedImmune LLC | Advanced Solid Tumors | Phase I; NCT03089645 |
| CD40 | DCs, Macrophages, Monocytes, B-cells, Endothelial Cells, Tumor Cells | SEA-CD40 | mAb | Seattle Genetics Inc | Advanced Malignancies | Phase I; NCT02376699 |
| CD40 | DCs, Macrophages, Monocytes, B-cells, Endothelial Cells, Tumor Cells | JNJ-7107 (ADC-1013) | mAb | Johnson & Johnson | Advanced Stage Solid Tumors | Phase I; NCT02829099 |
| CD40 | DCs, Macrophages, Monocytes, B-cells, Endothelial Cells, Tumor Cells | CDX-1140 | mAb | Celldex Therapeutics Inc | Advanced Malignancies | Phase I; NCT03329950 |