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. 2019 Jul 17;10:473. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00473

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Copyright © 2019 Xu, Xu, Li and Li

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Forest plot of percentages of Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Clostridium in ASD. (A–D) Percentages of Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Clostridium in the total detected microflora, respectively. Fixed-effects models were used to assess Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Clostridium. A random-effects model was used to analyze Bifidobacterium, contributing to higher between-study heterogeneity (I ² > 50%). The pooled percentages of Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Clostridium from the included studies were 0.1%, 11.9%, 2.8%, and 6.4%, respectively.