Figure 1.
Treatment with an ERα-selective ligand is highly selective in vivo during EAE. A, Treatment with the ERα ligand PPT induced expected biological responses on uterine weight (y-axis = uterine weight in grams). Uterine weight was increased with PPT given as daily subcutaneous injections at 10 mg/kg/d. The decrease in uterine weight with ovariectomy compared with sham surgery demonstrated the sensitivity of the technique in detecting differences in uterine weights associated with differences in estrogen levels. Treatment with a dose of estradiol known to induce a late pregnancy level of estradiol was used as a positive control for an increase in uterine weight, whereas treatment with vehicle alone served as the negative control. The uteri were removed at day 35–40 during EAE treatment with the indicated hormone (sham vehicle, n = 6; OVX vehicle, n = 12; OVX estradiol, n = 18; OVX PPT, n = 18). OVX PPT and OVX Estradiol, each compared with OVX Vehicle, ∗∗∗p < 0.0001. WT, Wild type. B, Uterine weights were examined in ovariectomized ERβ knock-out mice as in A. Uterine weights were increased with PPT treatment in ERβ knock-out mice (OVX vehicle, n = 9; OVX estradiol, n = 12; OVX PPT, n = 12). OVX PPT and OVX Estradiol, each compared with OVX Vehicle, ∗∗∗p < 0.0001. C, Uterine weights were examined in ovariectomized ERα knock-out mice as in A. Uterine weights were not increased with PPT treatment in ERα knock-out mice (OVX vehicle, n = 6; OVX estradiol, n = 4; OVX PPT, n = 6).