Figure 4.

Effects of RANCE‐1 treatment on the balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis in Caki‐1 xenograft tumors. RANCE‐1 treatment affects the proliferation and apoptosis ratio/equilibrium at the 21‐day trial endpoint. (A) Proliferating cells were detected by Ki67 staining (green) and apoptotic cells were detected by cleaved caspase 3 staining (red). Representative images are shown for Vehicle‐treated tumors (left panel) and RANCE‐1 treated tumors (right panel) at the 21day trial endpoint. (B) The percentage of proliferating cells (Ki67 positive) and the percentage of apoptotic cells (cleaved caspase 3 positive) over the total number of DAPI‐positive cells in the tumor. RANCE‐1 treatment resulted in a 36% decrease in cell proliferation and a 0.4% decrease in apoptosis. (apoptosis RANCE‐1 P = 0.71, proliferation RANCE‐1 ***P < 0.001). Data represent mean ± SEM (n = 6 mice per group)