Table 2.
Daily dietary lead intake values across the EU and lead intake values corresponding to blood lead levels associated with Benchmark Dose Limit reference points for effects on IQ, Systolic Blood Pressure and Chronic Kidney Disease. Taken from EFSA (2010)
| BMDL | Blood lead (µg/L) | Lead intake (µg/kg b.w./d) |
|---|---|---|
| IQ—BMDL01 | 12 | 0.50 |
| SBP—BMDL01 | 36 | 1.50 |
| CKD—BMDL10 | 15 | 0.63 |
| Daily lead intake across EU participating countries µg/kg b.w./d | ||
| Adults, average base diet | 0.36–1.24 | |
| Adults, average base diet with game | 1.98–2.44 | |
| Adults, high base diet | 0.73–2.43 | |
| Children, average base diet | 0.80–3.10 | |
| Children, high base diet | 1.71–5.51 |
The BMDL is the 95th percentile lower confidence limit of the benchmark dose (BMD) of 1% extra risk (BMDL01) used as a reference point for the risk characterisation of lead when assessing the risk of intellectual deficits in children measured by the Full Scale IQ score (1 IQ point reduction) or a 1% increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP). For chronic kidney disease, the BMDL10 represents a 10% increase in prevalence