Table 3.
Human adipose-derived stem/progenitor cells
| Category | Contents | References | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Morphology | Fibroblastic-like | [59, 60] | |
| Diameter | Up to 120 μm | ||
| Adherent period | 15 h–1 week | ||
| Stem cell characters | Self-renewal | OCT4, SOX2, NANOG expression | [8] |
| High proliferation rate | [60–64] | ||
| Multi-differentiation potential | Adipocyte, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, immune cells, pancreatic cells, hepatocytes, neurons, cardiomyocytes, osteocytes, chondrocyte | [63, 65–69] | |
| Secreted cytokines | HGF, granulocyte and macrophage colony stimulating factors, IL-6, -7, -8 and -11, TNF-α, VEGF, BDNF, NGF, adipokines, MMP-1, CXCL8, Ang-1, Ang-2, FGF-1, TIMP-1, CCL2, TGF, VCAM, EGF, FGF | [41, 64, 78] | |
| Recommended passage limitation | ≒ 5–6 | [60] | |
| Cell surface phenotype | Mesenchymal markers | CD44+, CD73+, CD90+, CD105+, CD166+ | [61, 62] |
| Endothelial markers | CD31−, CD34−, CD144−, CD146− | ||
| Hematopoietic markers | CD45−, CD133− | ||