Figure 2.

Inflammatory cytokine levels over 24 h in naive mice (CRTL), mice with brain injury (Trauma), and brain-injured mice with dexmedetomidine treatment (Trauma + Dex). (A) The levels of IL-1β, (B) IL-6, (C) IL-8 and (D) TNF-α cytokines were measured with ELISA at 0, 8, 16 and 24 h post-injury. (E) Statistical analyses of the levels of IL-1β, (F) IL-6, (G) IL-8 and (H) TNF-α cytokines at 24 h post-injury. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 with comparisons indicated by lines. CTRL, control; DEX, dexmedetomidine; IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.