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. 2019 Nov;14(11):1968–1976. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.259618

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Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research

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Effects of paired associative stimulation (PAS) on cognitive impairment in rats with cerebral ischemia.

(A) Typical traces from the Morris water maze tests. (B) The average time taken for the rats to reach the platform (average escape latency). (C) The number of times the rats crossed the area where the platform had been previously located within 60 seconds in the spatial probe test. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 10 rats for each group). **P < 0.01, vs. sham group; ##P < 0.01, vs. tMCAO group (one-way analysis of variance followed by Fisher’s least significant difference test). tMCAO: Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion.