. 2019 Jul 26;10:1731. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01731

TABLE 2.

Associations between reasons for playing video games and psychological functioning.

	Reasons for playing
	r_part
	AMUSE	DISTR	STORY	RELAX	IMAGI	REAL	SOCIAL	TALK	AVATA	CURIO
General psychopathology	0.07^∗∗	0.26^∗∗∗	0.04⁺	0.01	0.09^∗∗∗	0.08^∗∗∗	0.06^∗∗	0.13^∗∗∗	0.09^∗∗∗	0.09^∗∗∗
Coping
Self-distraction	0.08^∗∗∗	0.15^∗∗∗	0.09^∗∗∗	0.07^∗∗∗	0.19^∗∗∗	0.09^∗∗∗	–0.01	0.11^∗∗∗	0.05^*	0.13^∗∗∗
Denial	0.04^*	0.15^∗∗∗	–0.02	0.01	0.08^∗∗∗	0.13^∗∗∗	0.07^∗∗∗	0.18^∗∗∗	0.09^∗∗∗	0.04^*
Substance use	0.04⁺	0.13^∗∗∗	–0.01	–0.01	–0.03	0.01	0.02	0.04^*	0.08^∗∗∗	0.04⁺
Venting	0.04^*	0.12^∗∗∗	0.03	0.02	0.06^∗∗	0.08^∗∗∗	0.01	0.10^∗∗∗	0.08^∗∗∗	0.06^∗∗
Self-blame	0.07^∗∗∗	0.18^∗∗∗	0.02	0.02	0.04⁺	0.00	0.03	0.06^∗∗	0.06^∗∗	0.06^∗∗
Behavioral disengagement	0.08^∗∗∗	0.16^∗∗∗	0.03⁺	–0.02	0.05^∗∗	0.05^*	0.02	0.12^∗∗∗	0.08^∗∗∗	0.07^∗∗∗
Acceptance	0.09^∗∗∗	0.10^∗∗∗	0.03	0.07^∗∗∗	0.02	0.04⁺	0.02	0.07^∗∗∗	0.05^∗∗	0.06^∗∗
Active coping	−0.04^*	–0.10^∗∗∗	0.06^∗∗	0.06^∗∗	0.07^∗∗∗	0.07^∗∗∗	0.03	–0.00	0.02	0.08^∗∗∗
Planning	–0.05^∗∗	–0.09^∗∗∗	0.06^∗∗	0.05^∗∗	0.06^∗∗	0.06^∗∗	0.05^*	0.00	0.02	0.09^∗∗∗
Positive reframing	−0.04^*	–0.05^∗∗	0.06^∗∗	0.07^∗∗∗	0.11^∗∗∗	0.11^∗∗∗	0.06^∗∗	0.06^∗∗	0.04^*	0.13^∗∗∗
Affect
Positive affect in general	–0.06^∗∗	–0.10^∗∗∗	–0.01	0.05^*	0.05^*	0.10^∗∗∗	0.08^∗∗∗	0.00	–0.00	0.07^∗∗∗
Negative affect in general	0.04⁺	0.20^∗∗∗	0.05^*	0.01	0.08^∗∗∗	0.06^∗∗	–0.01	0.08^∗∗∗	0.09^∗∗∗	0.09^∗∗∗
Positive affect while playing	0.07^∗∗	0.09^∗∗∗	0.13^∗∗∗	0.19^∗∗∗	0.21^∗∗∗	0.19^∗∗∗	0.20^∗∗∗	0.15^∗∗∗	0.19^∗∗∗	0.20^∗∗∗
Negative affect while playing	0.07^∗∗	0.16^∗∗∗	0.00	0.00	0.05^∗∗	0.10^∗∗	0.07^∗∗∗	0.15^∗∗∗	0.13^∗∗∗	0.13^∗∗∗
Shyness	0.09^∗∗∗	0.15^∗∗∗	0.10^∗∗∗	0.02	0.08^∗∗∗	0.03	–0.03	0.06^∗∗	0.05^∗∗	0.05^∗∗
Loneliness	0.07^∗∗∗	0.18^∗∗∗	0.00	–0.06^∗∗	0.02	–0.01	0.02	0.09^∗∗∗	0.01	0.04⁺
Preference for solitude	0.07^∗∗	0.16^∗∗∗	0.13^∗∗∗	0.15^∗∗∗	0.14^∗∗∗	0.07^∗∗∗	–0.03	0.04^*	0.10^∗∗∗	0.10^∗∗∗
Life satisfaction	−0.04^*	–0.19^∗∗∗	–0.01	0.04^*	–0.02	–0.00	0.01	−0.04^*	–0.00	–0.01
Self-esteem	−0.04⁺	–0.21^∗∗∗	−0.05^*	0.02	–0.05^∗∗	0.00	0.00	–0.09^∗∗∗	–0.07^∗∗	−0.04^*
Self-efficacy	–0.03	–0.15^∗∗∗	−0.05^*	0.04^*	–0.00	0.05^∗∗	0.09^∗∗∗	–0.08^∗∗∗	–0.02	0.00
Social Support	−0.05^*	–0.12^∗∗∗	–0.01	0.05^∗∗	0.00	–0.01	0.01	−0.04^*	−0.04⁺	–0.03
Friends and acquaintances offline	–0.07^∗∗∗	–0.07^∗∗∗	–0.12^∗∗∗	−0.04^*	–0.09^∗∗∗	0.01	0.09^∗∗∗	0.01	−0.04^*	–0.08^∗∗∗
Friends and acquaintances online	0.03	0.03⁺	–0.06^∗∗	0.02	0.04⁺	0.14^∗∗∗	0.42^∗∗∗	0.12^∗∗∗	0.06^∗∗	–0.02
Grade point average	0.06^∗∗	0.12^∗∗∗	0.03	0.03	0.04^*	0.03	0.07^∗∗∗	0.09^∗∗∗	0.10^∗∗∗	0.07^∗∗

Ns ranged from 2,712 to 2,727. Reasons for playing were assessed on a Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 4 (very often) and were coded as follows: AMUSE, amusement; DISTR, distraction; STORY, storyline; RELAX, relaxation; IMAGI, stimulation of imagination; REAL, improvement of real-life abilities; SOCIAL, social relationships in the virtual world; TALK, have something to talk about; AVATA, improving the abilities of the avatar; CURIO, curiosity. Grade point average: higher values reflect poorer school performance. Partial correlations (r_part, controlled for sex and age) are presented. Partial correlations (controlled for sex and age) with the AICA-S: r_part = 0.21^∗∗∗ for AMUSE, r_part = 0.32^∗∗∗ for DISTR, r_part = 0.02 for STORY, r_part = 0.13^∗∗∗ for RELAX, r_part = 0.12^∗∗∗ for IMAGI, r_part = 0.16^∗∗∗ for REAL, r_part = 0.29^∗∗∗ for SOCIAL, r_part = 0.21^∗∗∗ for TALK, r_part = 0.28^∗∗∗ for AVATA, r_part = 0.08^∗∗∗ for CURIO. ⁺p < 0.10, ^*p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.