Table 2:
Characteristics of the Early Markers for Autism Study Population
| GP (n=378) |
DD (n=140) |
ASD (n=370) |
P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | ASD vs GP |
ASD vs DD |
DD vs GP |
|
| BirthType | |||||||||
| C-Section | 104 | 27.5% | 40 | 28.6% | 104 | 28.1% | 0.856 | 0.280 | 0.150 |
| Vaginal | 274 | 72.5% | 100 | 71.4% | 266 | 71.9% | |||
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 311 | 82.3% | 79 | 56.4% | 303 | 81.9% | 0.891 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Female | 67 | 17.7% | 61 | 43.6% | 67 | 18.1% | |||
| Maternal Education | |||||||||
| Less HS Grad | 93 | 24.6% | 57 | 40.7% | 55 | 14.9% | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| HS Grad | 102 | 27.0% | 34 | 24.3% | 75 | 20.3% | |||
| College | 128 | 33.9% | 40 | 28.6% | 168 | 45.4% | |||
| Post-Grad | 55 | 14.6% | 9 | 6.4% | 72 | 19.5% | |||
| Paternal Education | |||||||||
| Less HS Grad | 82 | 21.7% | 52 | 37.1% | 54 | 14.6% | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| HS Grad | 98 | 25.9% | 42 | 30.0% | 71 | 19.2% | |||
| College | 136 | 36.0% | 39 | 27.9% | 166 | 44.9% | |||
| Post-Grad | 62 | 16.4% | 7 | 5.0% | 79 | 21.4% | |||
| Birth Season | |||||||||
| Winter | 70 | 18.5% | 36 | 25.7% | 69 | 18.6% | 0.993 | 0.151 | 0.036 |
| Spring | 119 | 31.5% | 43 | 30.7% | 115 | 31.1% | |||
| Summer | 105 | 27.8% | 32 | 22.9% | 106 | 28.6% | |||
| Fall | 84 | 22.2% | 29 | 20.7% | 80 | 21.6% | |||
| Maternal Birth Place | |||||||||
| US | 186 | 49.2% | 64 | 45.7% | 183 | 49.5% | 0.11 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Mexico | 108 | 28.6% | 59 | 42.1% | 85 | 23.0% | |||
| Other | 84 | 22.2% | 17 | 12.1% | 102 | 27.6% | |||
| Birth Year | |||||||||
| 2000 | 73 | 19.3% | 33 | 23.6% | 65 | 17.6% | 0.883 | 0.235 | 0.154 |
| 2001 | 98 | 25.9% | 37 | 26.4% | 92 | 24.9% | |||
| 2002 | 154 | 40.7% | 53 | 37.9% | 158 | 42.7% | |||
| 2003 | 53 | 14.0% | 17 | 12.1% | 55 | 14.9% | |||
| Maternal Ethnicity | |||||||||
| Hispanic | 171 | 45.2% | 96 | 68.6% | 140 | 37.8% | 0.04 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Non-Hispanic | 207 | 54.8% | 44 | 31.4% | 230 | 62.2% | |||
| Paternal Ethnicity | |||||||||
| Hispanic | 163 | 43.1% | 96 | 68.6% | 141 | 38.1% | 0.163 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Non-Hispanic | 215 | 56.9% | 44 | 31.4% | 229 | 61.9% | |||
| P-value | |||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ASD vs GP |
ASD vs DD |
DD vs GP |
|
| Gestational Age (Days) |
277.484 | 12.8808 | 275.786 | 14.9444 | 275.535 | 13.6808 | 0.508 | 1.000 | 0.921 |
| Age (hours) at blood spot collection |
31.947 | 11.7752 | 32.957 | 13.9794 | 31.624 | 11.885 | 1.000 | 0.952 | 0.990 |
| Birth Weight (grams) | 3455.352 | 480.4057 | 3283.157 | 543.831 | 3491.03 | 499.4389 | 0.979 | 0.001 | 0.013 |
| Maternal Age (years) | 28.751 | 5.4439 | 26.871 | 6.3221 | 29.905 | 5.6256 | 0.093 | 0.000 | 0.017 |
| Paternal Age | 31.608 | 6.0102 | 30.364 | 7.2452 | 32.762 | 6.0196 | 0.172 | 0.002 | 0.456 |
| Maternal Weight (lbs) | 149.89 | 33.83 | 156.94 | 36.96 | 151.51 | 34.45 | 0.12 | 0.053 | 0.0093 |
ASD: Autism spectrum disorder; DD: Developmental delay; GP: General population. p-values determined by Chi-square and ANOVA