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. 2019 Aug 2;9:11231. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47755-8

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Endogenous and post-transfection expression levels of NOVA1. (A) Endogenous expression of NOVA1 protein and predicted target miRs in the HPV-negative non-oropharynx SCC cell lines FaDu and CAL27 and the HPV-positive oropharynx SCC cell line UMSCC47. FaDu cells show the highest endogenous expression levels of NOVA1, miR-146a-5p, and miR-146b-5p. Fold changes in each molecule were calculated in comparison to UMSCC47. (B) After 24 hours of transfection of poly(dA:dT) double-stranded DNA in FaDu cells, a dose-dependent increase in NOVA1 expression was noted. (C) After 24-hour transfection into FaDu cells, NOVA1 levels were the lowest when treating with miR-146b mimic, but the highest when treating with poly(dA:dT) + anti-miR-146b-5p. When treating with miR-146b mimic, adding poly(dA:dT) did not significantly increase NOVA1 expression. Fold changes in NOVA1 were calculated in comparison to cells treated with scramble.