Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Aug 2;10:3469. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11409-0

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 2 — Characterization of HDAC4/5-deficient mice. a Photographs of p60 control, conditional Hdac4 knockout (KO, Hdac4^flox/flox/Emx1^IRES-Cre), constitutive Hdac5 KO (Hdac5^−/−), and Hdac4/5 double knockout (DKO, Hdac4^flox/flox/Hdac5^−/−/Emx1^IRES-Cre) mice subjected to tail suspension test. b Averaged leg clasping indexes. n = 20 mice/genotype. c Gross brain anatomies of p60 control and DKO mice. Coronal brain sections were stained with DAPI and the antibody to a pan-neuronal marker, NeuN. See also Supplementary Fig. 5. d, e, Sections were labeled with antibodies against layer/subtype-specific markers of excitatory neurons, Cux1, Ctip2, and Prox1. Images of the primary somatosensory cortex (d) and the hippocampus (e) are shown. Higher-magnification frames are displayed in inserts. f, g RNA-seq analysis of gene expression in the hippocampus at p60. Volcano plot (f) and the STRING network of differentially expressed transcripts (g) are shown (n = 3 mice/genotype). The following clusters are marked: (1) neurotransmitter receptors and calcium channels; (2) cytoskeleton and scaffolds; (3) protein turnover; (4) membrane trafficking; (5) calcium signaling; (6) G proteins and G protein-coupled receptors; (7) MAP kinases; (8) adenylate cyclases; (9) dopamine and hormone receptors; (10) phosphodiesterases. See also Supplementary Fig. 6 and Data Files 2 and 3. h–k Expression of ERGs in the hippocampus during associative learning. h Analysis of short-term memory performance, assessed by measuring freezing in the same context 1.5 h post CFC. Control/Control, n = 11; Control/CFC, n = 27; DKO/Control, n = 11; DKO/CFC, n = 5. i Images of CA3sp of fear-conditioned control and DKO mice (1.5 h post CFC). Sections were labeled with DAPI and antibodies against Fos and Egr1. j Quantifications of Fos/Egr1-positive cells in CA3sp. n = 3 mice/genotype. k Transcripts were isolated from hippocampi at indicated time points after CFC and expression levels of various ERGs were measured by qPCR. Values from four to five mice per genotype/time point are normalized to 30 min post CFC to highlight the prolonged window of ERG expression in DKOs. *p < 0.05 (t-test). The color coding is the same as in j. All quantifications are represented as Mean ± SEM (error bars). *p < 0.05 (defined by ANOVA and/or t-test)