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. 2019 May 21;72(8):542–549. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2019-205818

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining patterns for programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumour and immune cells and CD8⁺ tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte density in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. (A) Representative examples of patients whose tumour proportion scores were classified as less than 1%, from 1% to 4%, and 5% or higher for the membrane expression of PD-L1. (B) Different PD-L1 levels on immune cells in the stroma. (C) High or low IHC staining patterns for CD8.