Application of shape-memory polyurethane in orthodontic [40] |
Yung et al. (2008) |
polyurethane copolymer [4,4′-methylene bis(phenylisocyanate) + poly(e-caprolactone)diol (PCL) + 1,4-butanediol (4,4′methylene bis, polydiol, 1,4-butanediol)]. |
Orthodontics |
in vitro |
-
-
polyurethane wire samples showed an average shape recovery of 80–85% at 30–50 hard segments wt.%;
-
-
Shape recovery (%) is directly proportional to hard segments wt.%;
-
-
the breaking stress (MPa) is inversely proportional to hard segments wt.%;
-
-
the elongation-at-break (%) is inversely proportional to hard segments wt.%;
-
-
the elastic modulus (MPa) is directly proportional to hard segments wt.%.
|
Development of an orthodontic elastic material using EMA-based resin combined with 1-butanol [41] |
Masuda et al. (2011) |
polyethyl methacrylate (PEMA-TA/HX resin) + 1-butanol |
Orthodontics |
in vitro |
-
-
the modulus of compressive elasticity (MPa), instantaneous modulus of elasticity (MPa), retarded elasticity (MPa), and viscosity (MPa·s) are inversely proportional to 1-butanol wt.%;
-
-
elastic (%) and permanent strain (%) are directly proportional to 1-butanol wt.%.
|
Effects of chitosan fiber addition on the properties of polyurethane with thermo-responsive shape memory [42] |
Kawaguchi et al. (2016) |
polyether-based thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), TPU + biomass nanofiber (BiNFi-s), TPU + glass fiber |
Orthodontics |
in vitro |
|
Intraoral temperature triggered shape-memory effect and sealing capability of a transpolyisoprene-based polymer [4] |
Tsukada et al. (2015) |
trans-1,4-polyisoprene (TPI)cross-linked SMP-2 (Kuraray Corp, Kashima, Japan) + cis-1,4-polyisoprene (CPI) + Zinc Oxide + stearic acid + sulfur + dicumyl peroxide |
Endodontics |
in vitro |
-
-
shape recovery temperature (°C) and the recovery stress (MPa) are inversely proportional to CPI wt.%;
-
-
shape recovery temperature (°C) is inversely proportional to other cross-linking agents wt.%;
-
-
the shape recovery stress (MPa) is directly proportional to other cross-linking agents wt.%;
-
-
the relaxation modulus after 5s (MPa) is inversely proportional to CPI wt.% and directly proportional to other cross-linking agents wt.%;
-
-
the sealing at 37° is directly proportional to other cross-linking agents wt.%;
-
-
the shape recovery ratio (%) at 37° is directly proportional to other cross-linking agents wt.%.
|
Potential application of shape-memory plastic as elastic material in clinical orthodontics [44] |
Akihiko et al. (1991) |
polynorbornen |
Orthodontics |
in vitro |
-
-
polynorbornen samples showed a permanent deformation of 9.5% after 24 h and a constant and adequate recovery force (MPa) at ~50°, stretched at ~0.5mm/sec;
-
-
the recovery force (MPa) is directly proportional to % of stretching;
-
-
recovery force (MPa) is influenced by the environmental temperature (decrease with temperature over 43°; increase with temperature under 25°).
|
Temperature triggered shape-memory effect of transpolyisoprene-based polymer [43] |
Tsukada et al. (2014) |
cross-linked SMP-2 (Kuraray Corp, Kashima, Japan) + sulfur |
Endodontics |
in vitro |
-
-
shape recovery, recovery stress and relaxation modulus change as a function of temperature;
-
-
shape recovery (%) is directly proportional to temperature (°C);
-
-
the recovery stress (MPa) is directly proportional to heating (°C) and inversely proportional to cooling (°C);
-
-
the relaxation modulus after 5s (MPa) is inversely proportional to temperature (°C).
|