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. 2019 Jul 12;12(14):2242. doi: 10.3390/ma12142242

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Defect segregation below a ZnO single crystal free surface versus crystal orientation. (a) [000 $\bar{1}$ ] V_O (2.5 eV) and (b) [11 $\bar{2}$ 0] V_Zn (1.7–2.1 eV) and V_O (2.4–2.5 eV) segregation. Higher V_O segregation in O- vs. Zn-polar ZnO also shown in ([52]) Reprinted with permission by American Institute of Physics Refs. ([51,52,53], respectively).