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. 2019 Jun 28;11(7):912. doi: 10.3390/cancers11070912

Table 1.

DNA methylation markers in whole blood for risk assessment of colorectal neoplasms.

Gene/LINE-1 locus Chromosome Gao, 2018 [37] Zhang, 2017 a [38] Liu, 2017 [39] Leclerc, 2017 [42] Heiss, 2017 [19] Alexander, 2017 b [43] Luo, 2016 [40] Xiao, 2015 [41] Ravegnini, 2015 [32] Nüsgen, 2015 [36] Ho, 2015 b [45] Gao, 2012 [27] Miroglio, 2010 [35] Kaaks, 2009 [28] Ally, 2009 a [33] Ito, 2008 [34] Ashktorab, 2007 b [44] Miotto, 2004 [31] Sabbioni, 2003 [30] Report
Frequency
Frequency of Significant Results
CITED4 1 1 1
GSTM2 1 c 1 0
MTHFR 1 1 0
PARP1 1 c 1 0
PER3 1 1 1
PTCH2 1 c 1 0
AOX-1 2 1 1
CNRIP1 2 1 1
L1C2 2 1 0
PER2 2 1 0
TMEFF2 2 2 0
ADAMTS9 3 1 1
MLH1 3 2 0
MME_ 3 c 1 0
RARB2 3 1 0
SEMA3F 3 c 1 0
APC 5 3 0
FLT4 5 c 1 0
NEUROG1 5 1 1
DSP 6 c 1 0
ESR1 6 c 2 0
IRF4 6 1 1
L1C6 6 1 0
PLAGL1 6 c 1 0
PDK4 7 1 1
PODXL 7 c 1 0
SEMA3C 7 c 1 0
SFRP4 7 1 0
SGCE 7 c 1 0
CRH 8 1 0
APBA1 9 1 1
CDKN2A 9 2 0
DAPK1 9 1 1
FOXE-1 9 1 0
L1C10 10 1 0
MGMT 10 2 0
SFRP5 10 1 0
H19 11 1 0
IGF2 11 5 2
IL18BP 11 c 1 0
KIAA1549L 11 c 1 1
KCNK4 11 c 1 0
L1C11 11 1 0
WT1 11 1 1
CYP27B1 12 1 0
PDE1B_ 12 c 1 0
RERG 12 1 1
TMEM132D 12 1 0
WIF1 12 2 1
WNT1 12 c 1 0
GJB2 13 c 1 0
MLH3 14 c 1 0
SNRPN 15 c 1 0
CDH1 16 1 0
NDRG4 16 1 0
BRCA1 17 1 0
CA10 17 1 1
HIC1 17 c 1 0
NGFR 17 1 0
PER1 17 1 1
SEPT9 17 2 1
BCL2 18 c 1 1
INSR 19 c 1 0
CDH4 20 1 0
DNMT3B 20 1 1
HCK 20 c 1 0
L1C20 20 1 0
B3GALT5 21 c 1 0
COL18A1 21 c 1 0
TIMP3 22 1 0
DKC1 X c 1 0
GLA X c 1 0
L1X1 X 1 0
L1X3 X 1 0
L1X4a X 1 0
L1X5b d X 1 0
L1X6b X 1 0
L1X8 X c 1 1
HBII c 1 0
MINT31 1 1

○ represents no difference in methylation levels between colorectal adenoma/CRC cases and controls; ⬆ represents hypermethylated marker in colorectal adenoma/CRC cases; ⬇ represents hypomethylated marker in colorectal adenoma/CRC cases. a Cases included both, colorectal adenomas and CRCs; b Cases included only colorectal adenomas; c Reported association after multiple testing correction (methylation changes of 26 CpG sites were significantly associated with CRC risk before Bonferroni correction, but none remained statistically significant after the correction); d Methylation was significantly different in female patients compared to healthy women. Abbreviations: LINE, long interspersed element.