Table 1.

Roles of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in migraine and their potential as therapeutic targets. RNS: reactive nitrogen species, ROS: reactive oxygen species, TRPA1: transient receptor potential ankyrin 1, TRPM8: transient receptor potential melastatin 8, TRPV1: transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, TRPV4: transient receptor potential vanilloid 4.

	Action	Potential Endogenous Modulators	Antagonists with Potential Clinical Use
TRPV1	CGRP release and vasodilatation [112] Sensitization of peripheral and central neurons (during and between migraine attacks) [113,114,115,116,117]	Alcohol [118] Cortical spreading depression (lowered pH in cortical neurons) [119] Inflammatory mediators [113,114,115] Estrogens [97] Obesity-related mechanisms [120]	JNJ-38893777 [121] JNJ-17203212 [121]
TRPA1	CGRP release and vasodilatation [122]	Volatile irritants [123] ROS and RNS [123]	Compound 16-8 [124]
TRPV4	Cutaneous allodynia [125] Nociception [126,127]	Mechanical force [126] Formalin (directly or undirectly) [127]	Compound 16-8 [124]
TRPM8	Genetic predisposition [128,129,130,131,132] Anti- and pronociception (depending on context) [133]	Unknown	Unknown