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. 2019 Jul 12;8(7):1023. doi: 10.3390/jcm8071023

Table 3.

Topography and origin of abdominal pain.

Pain Localization Embryonic Origin Anatomic Localization References
Epigastrium Foregut Proximal to the Treitz ligament, including the hepatobiliary system and the spleen [51]
Periumbilical Midgut Treitz ligament to the colon’s hepatic angle
Hypogastrium Hindgut Colonic liver angle up to rectum