Table 2.
Development of cellulitis including outpatient and inpatient by body mass index category in metabolically healthy and unhealthy phenotypes.
| BMI Category (kg/m2) | Person-Years | Incident Cases | Incidence Rate (Cases per 1000 person-years) | Age- and Sex-Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Multivariable-Adjusted HR 1 (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |||||
| Total (n = 171,322) | ||||||
| <18.5 | 36,448.7 | 834 | 22.9 | 1.07 (0.99–1.15) | 1.07 (1–1.15) | 1.06 (0.98–1.14) |
| 18.5–22.9 | 289,945.1 | 6315 | 21.8 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 23–24.9 | 144,254.6 | 3415 | 23.7 | 1.07 (1.03–1.12) | 1.07 (1.02–1.11) | 1.08 (1.04–1.13) |
| 25–29.9 | 150,300.0 | 3648 | 24.3 | 1.1 (1.05–1.15) | 1.09 (1.04–1.13) | 1.12 (1.07–1.18) |
| ≥30 | 17,292.1 | 460 | 26.6 | 1.22 (1.11–1.34) | 1.19 (1.08–1.31) | 1.28 (1.15–1.42) |
| p for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Metabolically healthy phenotype (n = 93,520) | ||||||
| <18.5 | 30,930.5 | 708 | 22.9 | 1.05 (0.97–1.14) | 1.06 (0.98–1.15) | 1.04 (0.96–1.13) |
| 18.5–22.9 | 198,867.9 | 4352 | 21.9 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 23–24.9 | 65,448.3 | 1609 | 24.6 | 1.12 (1.05–1.19) | 1.11 (1.04–1.17) | 1.13 (1.06–1.20) |
| 25–29.9 | 43,176.6 | 1022 | 23.7 | 1.08 (1–1.16) | 1.06 (0.99–1.14) | 1.1 (1.02–1.19) |
| ≥30 | 2109.4 | 58 | 27.5 | 1.26 (0.97–1.63) | 1.23 (0.95–1.60) | 1.31 (1.01–1.71) |
| p for trend | 0.013 | 0.0573 | 0.005 | |||
| Metabolically unhealthy phenotype (n = 77,802) | ||||||
| <18.5 | 5518.2 | 126 | 22.8 | 1.09 (0.91–1.30) | 1.1 (0.92–1.32) | 1.08 (0.9–1.3) |
| 18.5–22.9 | 91,077.2 | 1963 | 21.6 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 23–24.9 | 78,806.4 | 1806 | 22.9 | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) | 1.04 (0.97–1.11) | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) |
| 25–29.9 | 107,123.4 | 2626 | 24.5 | 1.12 (1.05–1.19) | 1.10 (1.04–1.17) | 1.13 (1.05–1.2) |
| ≥30 | 15,182.7 | 402 | 26.5 | 1.23 (1.1–1.37) | 1.20 (1.08–1.34) | 1.26 (1.12–1.42) |
| p for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
p = 0.37 for the overall interaction between metabolic health status and BMI category for incident cellulitis (adjusted model 11). 1 Estimated from Cox proportional hazard models. Multivariable model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, center, year of screening exam, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, total energy intake, educational level, and Charlson comorbidity index; model 2: model 1 plus adjustment for total cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides, glucose, hsCRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), systolic blood pressure, and HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance). CI = confidence interval, and HR = hazard ratio.