Table 2.
Survival analysis of A) the whole cohort, B) non-smoking and smoking patients, C) adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Cox proportional hazard regression.
| A | ||||||||
| Overall Survival (OS) | ||||||||
| Clinico-pathological Parameter | All | |||||||
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||||||
| p-value | HR | 95% HR CI | p -value | |||||
| Gender (female vs male) |
0.0003 | 1.4899 | 1.1794–1.8823 | 0.0008 | ||||
| Age (<60 vs ≥60) |
0.0018 | 1.4805 | 1.2176–1.8002 | 0.00008 | ||||
| Tumor size (pT1 vs pT2–T4) |
<0.0001 | 1.401 | 1.1054–1.8243 | 0.0061 | ||||
| Lymph nodes (pN- vs pN+) |
<0.0001 | 1.5495 | 1.2324–1.9483 | 0.0002 | ||||
| Stage (I vs II-IV) |
<0.0001 | 1.3223 | 1.1138–1.7246 | 0.0039 | ||||
| Smoking (no vs yes) |
0.0365 | 1.1872 | 0.893–1.5783 | 0.2274 | ||||
| Melatonin receptor MT1 (low vs high) |
0.3927 | - | - | - | ||||
| Melatonin receptor MT2 (low vs high) |
0.0049 | 0.8069 | 0.6628–0.9823 | 0.0324 | ||||
| p63 (<25% vs ≥25%) |
0.0449 | 0.7873 | 0.646–0.9596 | 0.0018 | ||||
| B | ||||||||
| Overall Survival (OS) | ||||||||
| Clinico-pathological Parameter | Non-Smoking Patients | Smoking Patients | ||||||
| Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | |||||
| p-value | HR |
95%
HR CI |
p-value | p-value | HR |
95%
HR CI |
p-value | |
| Gender (female vs male) |
0.03 | 1.62 | 0.925–2.8427 | 0.0914 | 0.0199 | 1.3478 | 1.0454–1.7376 | 0.0212 |
| Age (<60 vs ≥60) |
0.2212 | - | - | - | 0.0113 | 1.4436 | 1.1704–1.7805 | 0.0006 |
| Tumor size (pT1 vs pT2–T4) |
0.0888 | - | - | - | <0.0001 | 1.4534 | 1.1085–1.9058 | 0.0068 |
| Lymph nodes (pN- vs pN+) |
0.0942 | - | - | - | <0.0001 | 1.6264 | 1.2732–2.0777 | 0.0001 |
| Stage (I vs II–IV) |
0.0024 | 2.2151 | 1.2262–4.0016 | 0.0084 | <0.0001 | 1.2265 | 0.9227–1.6303 | 0.1597 |
| Smoking (no vs yes) |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Melatonin receptor MT1 (low vs high) |
0.3062 | - | - | - | 0.5774 | - | - | - |
| Melatonin receptor MT2 (low vs high) |
0.2244 | - | - | - | 0.0043 | 0.7524 | 0.6166–0.9181 | 0.0051 |
| p63 (<25% vs ≥25%) |
0.1854 | - | - | - | 0.0631 | - | - | - |
| C | ||||||||
| Overall Survival (OS) | ||||||||
| Clinico-pathological Parameter | Adenocarcinoma (AC) | Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) | ||||||
| Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | |||||
| p-value | HR |
95%
HR C |
p-value | p-value | HR |
95%
HR C |
p-value | |
| Gender (female vs male) |
0.0018 | 1.608 | 1.1378–2.2724 | 0.0071 | 0.2972 | - | - | - |
| Tumor size (pT1 vs pT2–T4) |
0.0093 | 1.5116 | 1.0256–2.2281 | 0.0368 | 0.0029 | 1.5846 | 1.0448–2.4032 | 0.0303 |
| Lymph nodes (pN- vs pN+) |
<0.0001 | 1.8762 | 1.2851–2.7393 | 0.001 | 0.0199 | 1.301 | 0.9127–1.9094 | 0.1402 |
| Malignancy grade (G1 vs G2-G3) |
0.5698 | - | - | - | 0.0364 | 1.4314 | 0.9783–2.094 | 0.0647 |
| Stage (I vs II–IV) |
<0.0001 | 1.2001 | 0.7749–1.8586 | 0.41368 | 0.0038 | 1.1052 | 0.721–1.6942 | 0.6461 |
| Smoking (no vs yes) |
0.0248 | 1.4481 | 0.9169–2.2968 | 0.1112 | 0.5221 | - | - | - |
| Melatonin receptor MT1 (low vs high) |
0.1514 | - | - | - | 0.5196 | - | - | - |
| Melatonin receptor MT2 (low vs high) |
0.2937 | - | - | - | 0.077 | - | - | - |
| EGFR (low vs high) |
0.0357 | 1.4349 | 1.0523–1.9565 | 0.0225 | 0.8002 | - | - | - |
A: Significant p-values are given in bold. HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; MT1, MT2 melatonin receptors; pT, tumor size; pN, lymph nodes status. B: Significant p-values are given in bold. HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; MT1, MT2 melatonin receptors; pT, tumor size; pN, lymph nodes status.C: Significant p-values are given in bold. HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; MT1, MT2 melatonin receptors; pT, nodes tumor size; pN, lymph nodes status; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor.